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Shloka 50

Adhyaya 74King Svarashtra, the Deer-Queen’s Curse, and the Rise of Tamasa Manu

कस्त्वं तात कथं वाहं पुत्रो माता च का मम ।

किमर्थमागतश्च त्वमेतत् सत्यं ब्रवीहि मे ॥

kastvaṃ tāta kathaṃ vāhaṃ putro mātā ca kā mama / kimarthamāgataśca tvametat satyaṃ bravīhi me

പ്രിയേ, നീ ആരാണ്? ഞാൻ എങ്ങനെ നിന്റെ പുത്രൻ? എന്റെ മാതാവ് ആരാണ്? എന്ത് ലക്ഷ്യത്തോടെ നീ ഇവിടെ വന്നിരിക്കുന്നു? ഇത് സത്യമായി എനിക്ക് പറയുക।

कःwho
कः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; interrogative pronoun
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-प्रयोगे द्वितीयपुरुष-सर्वनाम; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
तातdear (father/son), O dear one
तात:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootतात (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन
कथम्how
कथम्:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
वाindeed / or
वा:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (particle: or/indeed)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; 1st person pronoun
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
माताmother
माता:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
and
:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
काwho (female)
का:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; interrogative pronoun
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; 1st person pronoun
किम्what
किम्:
Hetu (हेतु/Reason)
TypeNoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; interrogative pronoun (used in compound)
अर्थम्purpose
अर्थम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
आगतः(has) come
आगतः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकालिक-कृदन्त (past active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘having come/come’
and
:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object/Content)
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; adverbial accusative ‘truly’ also possible
ब्रवीहिtell / speak
ब्रवीहि:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; enclitic form
Narrative verse (dialogue within Markandeya’s narration); a son questions an elder/father-figure
GenealogyIdentity and lineage inquiryTruthfulness (satya)

FAQs

The verse foregrounds satya (truthfulness) as the proper basis for resolving questions of origin, duty, and relationship—lineage is not mere pride, but a guide to svadharma.

It functions as a narrative hinge within Vaṃśa/Manvantara material: a genealogical inquiry that sets up the recounting of events leading to a Manu and his era (Manvantara).

The ‘who am I / who are you’ questioning can be read as a dharmic-identity motif: knowing one’s true origin is a prerequisite for right action; ignorance of lineage symbolizes confusion of dharma.