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Shloka 12

Adhyaya 60Descriptions of Kimpurusha-varsha, Hari-varsha, Ilavrita (Meru-varsha), Ramyaka, and Hiranyamaya

वृक्षस्तत्रापि चोत्तुङ्गो न्यग्रोधो हरितच्छदः ।

तस्यापि ते फलरसं पिबन्तो वर्तयन्ति वै ॥

vṛkṣas tatrāpi cottuṅgo nyagrodho harita-cchadaḥ | tasyāpi te phala-rasaṃ pibanto vartayanti vai ||

അവിടെയും പച്ചപല്ലവങ്ങളുള്ള ഒരു ഉയർന്ന വൃക്ഷം നിലകൊള്ളുന്നു—ന്യഗ്രോധം (ആൽമരം). അതിന്റെ ഫലരസം പാനം ചെയ്ത് അവർ തീർച്ചയായും ജീവൻ നിലനിർത്തുന്നു।

vṛkṣaḥa tree
vṛkṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (there)
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (also)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (and)
uttuṅgaḥvery tall
uttuṅgaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootuttuṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (vṛkṣaḥ/nyagrodhaḥ)
nyagrodhaḥbanyan tree
nyagrodhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnyagrodha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन
harita-chadaḥhaving green foliage
harita-chadaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootharita + chada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (हरितः छदः/च्छदः यस्य) — विशेषणम् (nyagrodhaḥ)
tasyaof that (tree)
tasya:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (also)
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
phala-rasamfruit-juice
phala-rasam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootphala + rasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (फलस्य रसः)
pibantaḥdrinking
pibantaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√pā (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘drinking’
vartayantithey sustain/maintain (their life)
vartayanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vṛt (धातु) [णिच् causative]
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; णिच्-प्रयोगः (to make pass/maintain)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle: indeed)
Puranic narrator describing cosmic geography (frame-speaker not explicit in the provided excerpt)

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

CosmologySacred GeographySacred trees (nyagrodha)Mythic sustenance (fruit-juice)

FAQs

The banyan—iconic for shelter and continuity—serves as a symbol of sustaining order. The verse highlights a life supported by nature’s simple essence, contrasting with human excess and suggesting contentment and harmony.

Cosmography within the sarga/pratisarga descriptive ambit: cataloging regions, their hallmark trees, and the resulting qualities of inhabitants.

Nyagrodha often signifies expansive, all-supporting reality (brahman-like shelter). Fruit-juice as sole sustenance can be read as living on ‘essence’—a metaphor for spiritual nourishment rather than gross consumption.