Shloka 62

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

सा येषां रसना-संस्थास्तानसाधून् विबाधते ।

परिवर्तसुतौ द्वौ तु विरूपविकृतौ द्विज ॥

Transliteration

sā yeṣāṃ rasanā-saṃsthā tān asādhūn vibādhate | parivarta-sutau dvau tu virūpa-vikṛtau dvija ||

Translation

അവൾ (ദേവി) ആ ജനങ്ങളുടെ നാവിൽ അധിഷ്ഠിതയായി ദുഷ്ടരെ പീഡിപ്പിക്കുന്നു. ഹേ ബ്രാഹ്മണാ, പരിവർത്തന് രണ്ട് പുത്രന്മാർ ജനിച്ചു—വികൃതരും വികലാംഗരും.

Word by Word

• सा: she
• सा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• येषाम्: of whom
• येषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध (of whom)

• रसना-संस्थाः: situated on the tongue
• रसना-संस्थाः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रसना (प्रातिपदिक) + संस्थ (कृदन्त; √स्था धातु)
• Form: समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (rasanāyāṃ saṃsthāḥ = situated on the tongue); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; कृदन्त-विशेषण (past participle sense)

• तान्: those
• तान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• असाधून्: the wicked/unsaintly
• असाधून्: Karma (कर्म/Object; apposition to तान्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असाधु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन

• विबाधते: harasses/afflicts
• विबाधते: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि√बाध् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• परिवर्त-सुतौ: the two sons of Parivarta
• परिवर्त-सुतौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; in apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिवर्त (प्रातिपदिक) + सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (parivartasya sutau = sons of Parivarta); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन

• द्वौ: two
• द्वौ: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन; संख्यावाचक विशेषण

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थ

• विरूप-विकृतौ: misshapen and deformed
• विरूप-विकृतौ: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विरूप (प्रातिपदिक) + विकृत (कृदन्त; वि√कृ धातु)
• Form: समासः द्वन्द्व (virūpau ca vikṛtau ca); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन; विशेषण

• द्विज: O brahmin
• द्विज: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

Speakers

• Narrative voice within the Markandeya Purana’s dharma/omen discourse (frame-speaker not explicit in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Omens
• Karmic consequence
• Social/household warnings

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Speech and taste (the tongue) are presented as a locus where moral corruption manifests; harmful dispositions ‘reside’ there and then trouble the wicked themselves. The mention of deformed offspring functions as a purāṇic way of marking adharma as socially and physically disruptive.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily within Vaṃśānucarita (accounts of lineages/descendants) and Dharma-upadeśa (ethical instruction) rather than sarga/pratisarga. The verse introduces a lineage event (sons of Parivarta) used to ground a moral warning.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Residing on the tongue’ can symbolize the subtle power of vāk (speech) and rasa (desire/taste): when misused, it becomes an internal afflicter. Deformity symbolizes inner distortion externalized.