Shloka 97

Adhyaya 50 — The Pitris

Sanskrit

मार्कण्डेय उवाच इत्युक्त्वा दुःसहं ब्रह्मा तत्रैवान्तरधीयत ।

चकार शासनं सोऽपि तथा पङ्कजजन्मनः ॥

Transliteration

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ityuktvā duḥsahaṃ brahmā tatraivāntaradhīyata /

cakāra śāsanaṃ so 'pi tathā paṅkajajanmanaḥ

Translation

മാർക്കണ്ഡേയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഇങ്ങനെ ദുഃസഹനെ ഉപദേശിച്ച് ബ്രഹ്മാവ് അവിടെയേ അന്തർധാനം ചെയ്തു. അവനും പദ്മയോനി (ബ്രഹ്മ) യുടെ ആജ്ഞ യഥാവിധി അനുഷ്ഠിച്ചു।

Word by Word

• मार्कण्डेयः: Mārkaṇḍeya
• मार्कण्डेयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्कण्डेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचन

• इति: thus
• इति: Vākyopasaṃhāra (वाक्योपसंहार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उक्त्यवधारण-अव्यय (quotative: 'thus')

• उक्त्वा: having said
• उक्त्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive): 'having said'

• दुःसहम्: hard-to-bear (one)
• दुःसहम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुःसह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (to ब्रह्माणम्)

• ब्रह्मा: Brahmā
• ब्रह्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (there)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (just/indeed)

• अन्तर्धीयत: disappeared
• अन्तर्धीयत: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अन्तर्धा + इ (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकारः (Imperfect/Past), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचन; (अन्तर्धा-उपसर्गपूर्वकः)

• चकार: did/made
• चकार: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचन

• शासनम्: instruction/command
• शासनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शासन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-भाव-अव्यय (also/even)

• तथा: thus
• तथा: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: रीतिवाचक-अव्यय (thus/in that manner)

• पङ्कज-जन्मनः: of the lotus-born (Brahmā)
• पङ्कज-जन्मनः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पङ्कज (प्रातिपदिक) + जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पङ्कजस्य जन्म = lotus-born; epithet of Brahmā)

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya (narrator) reporting Brahmā’s instruction to Duḥsaha

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā

Key Themes

• Narrative closure
• Authority of divine injunction
• Dharma instruction

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Divine instruction is presented as binding even for semi-divine beings; order is restored when beings act within prescribed limits.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Frame-narrative connective tissue; not pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Brahmā’s disappearance signifies the withdrawal of the teaching-source after transmission; the real ‘presence’ becomes the śāsana (injunction) internalized and enacted.