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Shloka 42

Adhyaya 50Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

दुःसह उवाच क्षुत्क्षामोऽस्मि जगन्नाथ ! पिपासुश्चापि दुर्बलः ।

कथं तृप्तिमियान्नाथ ! भवेयं बलवान् कथम् ।

कश्चाश्रयो ममाख्याहि वर्तेयं यत्र निर्वृतः ॥

duḥsaha uvāca kṣutkṣāmo 'smi jagannātha! pipāsuścāpi durbalaḥ | kathaṃ tṛptim iyān nātha! bhaveyaṃ balavān katham | kaścāśrayo mamā'khyāhi varteyaṃ yatra nirvṛtaḥ ||

ദുഃസഹൻ പറഞ്ഞു—“ഹേ ജഗദീശ്വരാ! ഞാൻ വിശപ്പാൽ ക്ഷീണിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു; ദാഹവും ഉണ്ട്, ദുർബലനുമാണ്. പ്രഭോ, എനിക്ക് തൃപ്തി എങ്ങനെ ലഭിക്കും? ഞാൻ എങ്ങനെ ബലവാനാകും? പറയുക—എന്റെ ശരണം എന്ത്, എവിടെ ഞാൻ സുഖമായി വസിക്കാം?”

दुःसहःDuḥsaha
दुःसहः:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥsaha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (speaker)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
क्षुत्-क्षामःemaciated by hunger
क्षुत्-क्षामः:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate adjective with अस्मि)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣut + kṣāma (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formकर्मधारय-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन
जगन्नाथO Lord of the world
जगन्नाथ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
TypeNoun
Rootjagat + nātha (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (जगतः नाथः); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
पिपासुःthirsty
पिपासुः:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate adjective with implied अस्मि)
TypeAdjective
Rootpipāsu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conjunction)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle: also/even)
दुर्बलःweak
दुर्बलः:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootdurbala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कथम्how?
कथम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/interrogative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (interrogative adverb)
तृप्तिम्satisfaction, satiety
तृप्तिम्:
Karma (कर्म/object of इयाम्)
TypeNoun
Roottṛpti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
इयाम्may I attain
इयाम्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√i (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन
नाथO Lord
नाथ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootnātha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
भवेयम्may I become
भवेयम्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन
बलवान्strong
बलवान्:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate adjective with भवेयम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootbalavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कथम्how?
कथम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/interrogative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (interrogative adverb)
कःwho?/what?
कः:
Karta (कर्ता; subject of implied अस्ति)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (interrogative pronoun)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conjunction/particle)
आश्रयःrefuge, support
आश्रयः:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate/subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootāśraya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन
आख्याहिtell (me)
आख्याहि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√khyā (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन
वर्तेयम्may I live/continue
वर्तेयम्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vṛt (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (relative adverb: where)
निर्वृतःcontent, at ease
निर्वृतः:
Visheshana (विशेषण; predicate state of speaker)
TypeAdjective
Rootnirvṛta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP-like adjectival), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
Duḥsaha to Brahmā

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhaya", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Brahmā
Desire and appetiteDependency on adharmic ecosystemsMoral psychologyCosmic allocation of forces

FAQs

The text shows how destructive impulses rationalize themselves as ‘need’ (hunger/thirst) and seek a sanctioned outlet. Ethically, it warns that unchecked craving looks for environments that will feed it—hence the importance of guarding one’s habits and home.

Didactic dialogue within narrative; not one of the five characteristics directly, but supports dharma teaching by dramatizing guṇa-driven appetites.

Hunger/thirst symbolize endless lack (abhāva) at the root of tamas. The request for ‘āśraya’ implies: every tendency seeks an abode in the psyche; the sādhaka must deny abode to tamasic patterns.