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Shloka 13

Adhyaya 49Primordial Human Creation, the Rise of Desire, and the Origins of Settlements, Measures, and Agriculture

सरित्सरः समुद्रांश्च सेवन्ते पर्वतानपि ।

तास्तदा ह्यल्पशीतोष्णा युगे तस्मिंश्चरन्ति वै ॥

saritsaraḥ samudrāṃś ca sevante parvatān api |

tās tadā hy alpaśītoṣṇā yuge tasmiṃś caranti vai ||

അവർ നദികളും തടാകങ്ങളും സമുദ്രങ്ങളും, പർവതങ്ങളും സന്ദർശിച്ചു സഞ്ചരിച്ചു. ആ യുഗത്തിൽ ശീതവും ഉഷ്ണവും അത്യല്പമായിരുന്നു.

sarit-saraḥrivers and lakes
sarit-saraḥ:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootsarit (प्रातिपदिक) + saraḥ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन); dvandva compound meaning ‘rivers and lakes’
samudrānseas
samudrān:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootsamudra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक), indeclinable (अव्यय)
sevantethey resort to / frequent
sevante:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootsev (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
parvatānmountains
parvatān:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootparvata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (अपि—also/even), indeclinable (अव्यय)
tāḥthey (those women/beings)
tāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण/time)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (कालवाचक), indeclinable (अव्यय)
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (हेतौ/निश्चये), indeclinable (अव्यय)
alpa-śīta-uṣṇāḥwith little cold and heat
alpa-śīta-uṣṇāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootalpa (प्रातिपदिक) + śīta (प्रातिपदिक) + uṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); karmadhāraya describing ‘having little cold and heat’
yugein the age
yuge:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/location/time)
TypeNoun
Rootyuga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)
tasminin that
tasmin:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)
carantithey roam
caranti:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootcar (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक), indeclinable (अव्यय)
Narrative voice within the Purāṇic account (frame-speaker not specified in input)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

CosmologyYuga-dharma (conditions of an age)Sacred geography (natural features)Human condition

FAQs

The verse depicts an age of ease where nature is not antagonistic. Such descriptions often serve as contrasts: as dharma declines, the environment becomes harsher and human life more constrained.

Manvantara/Anucarita-adjacent description (conditions of an age), though still within a broad cosmological narration rather than a named Manu’s reign.

‘Mild heat and cold’ can symbolize reduced dvandvas (pairs of opposites) in experience—an internal climate of lesser agitation when guṇas are more balanced.