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Shloka 36

Adhyaya 45Jaimini’s Cosmological Questions and the Opening of Markandeya’s Account of Primary Creation

गुणभावात् सृज्यमानात् सर्गकाले ततः पुनः ।

प्रधानं तत्त्वमुद्भूतं महान्तं तत् समावृणोत् ॥

guṇabhāvāt sṛjyamānāt sargakāle tataḥ punaḥ | pradhānaṃ tattvam udbhūtaṃ mahāntaṃ tat samāvṛṇot ||

വീണ്ടും സൃഷ്ടികാലത്ത്, ഗുണങ്ങൾ തങ്ങളുടെ തത്ത്വഭാവങ്ങൾ പ്രകടിപ്പിക്കാൻ തുടങ്ങുമ്പോൾ ‘പ്രധാന’മെന്നു വിളിക്കപ്പെടുന്ന തത്ത്വം ഉദ്ഭവിക്കുന്നു; ആ പ്രധാനമാണ് ‘മഹത്’ തത്ത്വത്തെ ചുറ്റി മൂടുന്നത്.

guṇa-bhāvātfrom the manifestation of the guṇas
guṇa-bhāvāt:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; तत्पुरुष: 'guṇānāṃ bhāvaḥ' = manifestation/state of the guṇas
sṛjyamānātfrom (that which is) being created
sṛjyamānāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeVerb
Root√sṛj (सृज्) → sṛjyamāna (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्/मान), Neuter (नपुंसक), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; 'while being created/emanating'
sarga-kāleat the time of creation
sarga-kāle:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsarga (प्रातिपदिक) + kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; तत्पुरुष: 'sargasya kālaḥ'
tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण): 'then/from there'
punaḥagain
punaḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunaḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण): 'again, further'
pradhānamPradhāna (primordial matter)
pradhānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpradhāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसक), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
tattvamprinciple/reality
tattvam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottattva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसक), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
udbhūtamarisen
udbhūtam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootud- + √bhū (भू) → udbhūta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसक), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular; qualifying 'tattvam'
mahāntamthe Mahat (great principle)
mahāntam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmahant (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
tatthat (tattva)
tat:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसक), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
samāvṛṇotcovered/enveloped
samāvṛṇot:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-ā-√vṛ (वृ)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
Not specified in the provided extract

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

CosmologySāṅkhya tattvasPradhānaMahat

FAQs

The cosmos is presented as layered: subtler principles ‘envelop’ or condition the emergence of grosser ones. Practically, it encourages discernment (viveka): distinguish the changing layers of nature from the witnessing self.

Sarga (primary creation): outlines the first evolutes (Pradhāna/Mahat) in a Sāṅkhya-like sequence.

‘Envelopment’ indicates that each manifest stage remains rooted in the unmanifest—suggesting that returning inward (toward the causal) is a path to transcendence.