Shloka 43

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

उपवीतमलङ्कारं करकञ्चैव वर्जयेत् ।

चतुर्दश्यां तथाष्टम्यां पञ्चदश्याञ्च पर्वसु ॥

Transliteration

upavītam alaṅkāraṃ karakañ caiva varjayet |

caturdaśyāṃ tathāṣṭamyāṃ pañcadaśyāñ ca parvasu ||

Translation

ചതുര്ദശി, അഷ്ടമി, പൗർണ്ണമി എന്നിവയിലും വ്രത‑ഉത്സവദിനങ്ങളിലും യജ്ഞോപവീതം പ്രദർശിപ്പിക്കൽ, ആഭരണങ്ങളും കങ്കണങ്ങളും ധരിക്കൽ എന്നിവ ഒഴിവാക്കണം।

Word by Word

• उपवीतम्: sacred thread
• उपवीतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपवीत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन (Neuter, Accusative, Singular)

• अलङ्कारम्: ornament/adornment
• अलङ्कारम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अलङ्कार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• करकम्: water-pot/vessel
• करकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: करक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन (Neuter, Accusative, Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunctive particle)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)

• वर्जयेत्: should avoid/should give up
• वर्जयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृज्/वर्ज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (Optative, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular)

• चतुर्दश्याम्: on the fourteenth (lunar day)
• चतुर्दश्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर्दशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन (Feminine, Locative, Singular)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (adverb: likewise)

• अष्टम्याम्: on the eighth (lunar day)
• अष्टम्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अष्टमी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन (Feminine, Locative, Singular)

• पञ्चदश्याम्: on the fifteenth (lunar day)
• पञ्चदश्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चदशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन (Feminine, Locative, Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• पर्वसु: on festival/holy days
• पर्वसु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), बहुवचन (Neuter, Locative, Plural)

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic section (speaker not specified in the provided extract)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Vrata / parvan observance
• Austerity and restraint
• Ritual timing

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

On liminal lunar days associated with intensified ritual potency, the text recommends simplicity and restraint, reducing display and sensual distraction in favor of observance.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/vrata regulation; not pañcalakṣaṇa narrative.

What is the esoteric significance?

Ornaments signify outward identity; setting them aside on parvan days symbolizes temporary ego-thinning so the practitioner aligns with cosmic rhythms (tithi-saṃdhi).