Shloka 56

Adhyaya 31 — Naimittika and Related Śrāddha Rites: Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, Eligibility, Timing, and Procedure

Sanskrit

तद्वन् मातामहानां च दत्त्वा पिण्डान् यथाविधि ।

गन्धमाल्यादिसंयुक्तं दद्यादाचमनं ततः ॥

Transliteration

tadvanmātāmahānāñca dattvā piṇḍān yathāvidhi / gandhamālyādisaṃyuktaṃ dadyādācamanaṃ tataḥ

Translation

അതുപോലെ തന്നെ നിയമപ്രകാരം മാതാമഹന്മാർക്ക് പിണ്ഡങ്ങൾ യഥാവിധി അർപ്പിച്ച ശേഷം, സുഗന്ധം, മാല മുതലായവയോടുകൂടി ആചമനത്തിനായി ജലം നൽകണം.

Word by Word

• तद्वत्: likewise
• तद्वत्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् + वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (likewise)

• मातामहानाम्: of the maternal grandfathers
• मातामहानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातामह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध (genitive)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• दत्त्वा: having given
• दत्त्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive); पूर्वकालिक क्रिया

• पिण्डान्: piṇḍas (rice-balls)
• पिण्डान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• यथा-विधि: according to the prescribed rite
• यथा-विधि: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + विधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव; क्रियाविशेषण (according to rule)

• गन्ध-माल्य-आदि-संयुक्तम्: accompanied by fragrance, garlands, etc.
• गन्ध-माल्य-आदि-संयुक्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गन्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + माल्य (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + संयुक्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying आचमनम्); समासः—गन्धमाल्यादिभिः संयुक्तम्

• दद्यात्: should give
• दद्यात्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• आचमनम्: water for sipping (ācamana)
• आचमनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आचमन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रमवाचक (thereafter)

Speakers

• Dharma-instruction within the Markandeya Purana narrative

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Pitṛ-pūjā
• Śrāddha
• Maternal lineage
• Piṇḍa-dāna
• Upacāras (fragrance/garlands)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Ancestral duty is inclusive of maternal lineage; honor is expressed not only through food/water but also through respectful ‘upacāras’ (fragrance, garlands).

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/dharma instruction; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Fragrance and garlands represent subtle refinement—transmuting the rite from mere subsistence-offering into a gesture of beauty and regard, mirroring inner reverence.