Shloka 26

Adhyaya 27 — Madālasa’s Instruction to King Alarka: Royal Ethics, Self-Conquest, and Statecraft

Sanskrit

मारुतः सर्वभूतेषु निगूढश्चरते यथा ।

एवं नृपश्चरेच्चारैः पौरामात्यादिबन्धुषु ॥

Transliteration

mārutaḥ sarvabhūteṣu nigūḍhaś carate yathā / evaṃ nṛpaś carec cāraiḥ paurāmātyādibandhuṣu

Translation

എങ്ങിനെ വായു സകല ജീവികളിലും മറഞ്ഞ് സഞ്ചരിക്കുന്നുവോ, അതുപോലെ രാജാവ് നഗരവാസികൾ, മന്ത്രിമാർ, ബന്ധുക്കൾ, സഹചാരികൾ എന്നിവരിടയിൽ ചാരന്മാരിലൂടെ സഞ്ചരിക്കണം।

Word by Word

• मारुतः: wind
• मारुतः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• सर्वभूतेषु: in all beings
• सर्वभूतेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व-भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), बहुवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सर्वेषु भूतेषु)

• निगूढः: hidden
• निगूढः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि-गूढ (कृदन्त; √गुह्/गूह् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• चरते: moves, goes about
• चरते: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• यथा: just as
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारवाचक (comparative ‘as/just as’)

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (thus/in this manner)

• नृपः: king
• नृपः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• चरेत्: should move/act
• चरेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; विध्यर्थः (should)

• चारैः: with spies
• चारैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन

• पौरामात्यादिबन्धुषु: among citizens, ministers, and other kinsmen
• पौरामात्यादिबन्धुषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Domain)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौर-अमात्य-आदि-बन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), बहुवचन; समासः समाहार-द्वन्द्वः/द्वन्द्वः (पौराश्च अमात्याश्च आदयश्च बन्धवश्च)

Speakers

• Madālasā instructing Alarka (within Pitā–Putra Saṃvāda frame)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Rājadharma
• Governance
• Ethics
• Statecraft

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Governance requires unobtrusive vigilance: the ruler should know conditions in every social layer (citizens, ministers, even kin) without becoming oppressive; knowledge is protection when used for dharma.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Dharma/Ācāra material rather than the five cosmological markers; it aligns loosely with Vaṃśānucarita insofar as it teaches ideal royal conduct within dynastic narratives.

What is the esoteric significance?

The 'wind' metaphor suggests a subtle, all-pervading awareness: the king’s discerning intelligence should be present everywhere yet remain unseen, avoiding egoic display while sustaining order.