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Shloka 18

Adhyaya 25Madālāsā’s Return, Royal Succession, and the First Teaching to Vikrānta

यानं क्षितौ यानगतञ्च देहं देहेऽपि चान्यः पुरुषो निविष्टः ।

ममत्वबुद्धिर्न तथा यथा स्वे देहेऽतिमात्रं बत मूढतैषा ॥

yānaṃ kṣitau yānagatañ ca dehaṃ dehe 'pi cānyaḥ puruṣo niviṣṭaḥ / mamatvabuddhir na tathā yathā sve dehe 'timātraṃ bata mūḍhataiṣā

രഥം നിലത്തുണ്ട്; ശരീരം രഥത്തിനുള്ളിലാണ്; ശരീരത്തിനുള്ളിലും മറ്റൊരു ‘പുരുഷൻ’ (ആത്മാവ്) ഇരിക്കുന്നു. എങ്കിലും രഥത്തോടുള്ളതിനെക്കാൾ ശക്തമായ മമത സ്വന്തം ദേഹത്തോടാണ്—അയ്യോ, ഇതെത്ര അതിമോഹം!

यानम्a vehicle
यानम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
क्षितौon the ground
क्षितौ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
यान-गतम्gone into/placed in the vehicle
यान-गतम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootयान (प्रातिपदिक) + गत (कृदन्त; गम् धातु)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (determinative; ‘yāne gataḥ’), क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular) — देहम् इति विशेषणम्
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
देहम्the body
देहम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदेह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा/द्वितीया? (contextually predicate/subject complement; form = Accusative/2nd singular), एकवचन (Singular)
देहेin the body
देहे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootदेह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
अपिalso
अपि:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसम्भावना/समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (particle: also/even)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
अन्यःanother, distinct
अन्यः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular) — पुरुषः इति विशेषणम्
पुरुषःperson (self)
पुरुषः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
निविष्टःseated/entered
निविष्टः:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate as participle)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-विश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past participle), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular) — पुरुषः इति विशेषणम्
ममत्व-बुद्धिःthe notion of ‘mine-ness’
ममत्व-बुद्धिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootममत्व (प्रातिपदिक) + बुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (determinative; ‘mamatvasya buddhiḥ’), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation)
तथाso, to that extent
तथा:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारार्थक-अव्यय (adverb: so, thus)
यथाas
यथा:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव/Correlative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमान/तुलनार्थक-अव्यय (correlative: as)
स्वेin one’s own
स्वे:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular) — देहे इति विशेषणम्
देहेin the body
देहे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootदेह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
अति-मात्रम्excessively, beyond measure
अति-मात्रम्:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति (अव्यय/उपसर्ग) + मात्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभावसमास (adverbial; ‘ati mātram’), अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (indeclinable usage)
बतalas/indeed
बत:
Bhāva (भाव/Exclamation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबत (अव्यय)
Formविस्मय/खेदार्थक-अव्यय (exclamatory particle)
मूढताdelusion
मूढता:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootमूढता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
एषाthis
एषा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
Madālasā to her child

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Ātman vs. bodyUpamā (chariot analogy)Non-attachmentSelf-inquiry

FAQs

Treat the body as an instrument rather than the self; excessive ‘mine-ness’ toward the body is the root of fear and bondage.

Upākhyāna-based spiritual instruction; not a direct pancalakṣaṇa category.

Layered ‘vehicle’ imagery implies nested sheaths (upādhis): ground → vehicle → body → indweller; meditation shifts identity inward from outer supports to the witness.