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Shloka 41

Adhyaya 20Ritadhvaja’s Companionship with the Naga Princes and the Origin of the Horse Kuvalaya

पुत्रावूचतुः तेनाख्यातमिदं तात पूर्ववृत्तं महात्मना ।

कौमारके यथा तस्य वृतं सद्वृत्तशालिनः ॥

putrāv ūcatuḥ tenākhyātam idaṃ tāta pūrva-vṛttaṃ mahātmanā | kaumārake yathā tasya vṛtaṃ sad-vṛtta-śālinaḥ ||

രണ്ടു പുത്രന്മാർ പറഞ്ഞു—പ്രിയ പിതാവേ, ഈ മുൻവൃത്താന്തം ആ മഹാത്മാവ് പറഞ്ഞതാണ്; ബാല്യത്തിൽ ആ സദാചാരിയായ പുരുഷന്റെ ആചാരം എങ്ങനെ നിരീക്ഷിക്കപ്പെട്ടു, അഥവാ അദ്ദേഹം ഏത് വ്രത-നിയമം അനുഷ്ഠിച്ചു എന്നത്.

putrauthe two sons
putrau:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन
ūcatuḥsaid
ūcatuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, द्विवचन; 'they two said'
tenaby him
tena:
Karaṇa (करण/agent-instrument in passive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; 'by him'
ākhyātamwas told
ākhyātam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate in passive sense)
TypeVerb
Rootā-khyā (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'told/related'
idamthis
idam:
Karma (कर्म/object/content)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'this'
tātaO dear sir
tāta:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Roottāta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; address 'dear father/sir'
pūrva-vṛttamthe earlier account
pūrva-vṛttam:
Karma (कर्म/content)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛtta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: 'former event/what happened before'
mahātmanāby the great-souled one
mahātmanā:
Karaṇa (करण/agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootmahātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; 'by the great-souled one'
kaumārakein childhood
kaumārake:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Rootkaumāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; 'in boyhood/childhood'
yathāas
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunctive adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारवाचक (comparative/manner) = 'as/how'
tasyaof him
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; 'of him'
vṛtamconduct
vṛtam:
Karma (कर्म/content)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛtta/vṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'conduct/behavior' (as narrated)
sat-vṛtta-śālinaḥof the well-conducted one
sat-vṛtta-śālinaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive qualifier of 'tasya')
TypeAdjective
Rootsat (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛtta (प्रातिपदिक) + śālin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष: 'of one possessing good conduct'
Two sons (dual: putrāv ūcatuḥ) addressing their father.

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Transmission of traditionExemplary conductYouthful disciplineNarrative framing

FAQs

Dharma is preserved through narration and exemplars: the sons relay instruction received from a ‘mahātman’, emphasizing lineage of teaching and the importance of forming virtue from youth.

Functions as an introduction to a vaṃśānucarita-like moral narrative (life of a virtuous figure), though not itself a genealogical enumeration.

‘Boyhood conduct’ signals that spiritual/ethical formation begins before social status and power; inner samskāras established early become the foundation for later achievements.