Shloka 19

Adhyaya 2 — The Wise Birds

Sanskrit

विश्वस्तघातिनां लोकाः ये च स्त्रीबालघातिनाम् ।

यास्यसे निरयान् सर्वांस्तांस्त्वमद्य मया हतः ॥

Transliteration

viśvastaghātināṃ lokā ye ca strībālaghātinām | yāsyase nirayān sarvāṃs tāṃs tvam adya mayā hataḥ ||

Translation

വിശ്വാസവഞ്ചകർക്കും സ്ത്രീകളെയും കുട്ടികളെയും കൊല്ലുന്നവർക്കും വിധിക്കപ്പെട്ട നരകങ്ങളിലേക്ക്, എന്നാൽ കൊല്ലപ്പെട്ട് നീ ഇന്ന് തന്നെ പോകും.

Word by Word

• viśvasta-ghātinām: of killers of the trusting
• viśvasta-ghātinām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśvasta (प्रातिपदिक) + ghātin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); ‘viśvasta’ = trusting person, ‘ghātin’ = killer

• lokāḥ: worlds (realms)
• lokāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), बहुवचन (Plural)

• ye: which (those)
• ye: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); सम्बन्धसूचक सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• strī-bāla-ghātinām: of killers of women and children
• strī-bāla-ghātinām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: strī (प्रातिपदिक) + bāla (प्रातिपदिक) + ghātin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); ‘strī-bāla’ = women and children (as objects), ‘ghātin’ = killer

• yāsyase: you will go
• yāsyase: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yā (धाातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future/लृट्), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• nirayān: to hells
• nirayān: Karma (कर्म/Object of motion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niraya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), बहुवचन (Plural)

• sarvān: all
• sarvān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (adjective) qualifying ‘nirayān’

• tān: those
• tān: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural); निर्देशवाचक सर्वनाम (demonstrative)

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुषार्थे (2nd person pronoun), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• adya: today
• adya: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument; agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: प्रथमपुरुषार्थे (1st person pronoun), तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन (Singular)

• hataḥ: slain
• hataḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: han (धातु) → hata (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); कर्तरि-भावे ‘slain’

Speakers

• Unspecified from the provided single-verse extract (appears as a direct threat/admonition spoken by a killer of the offender—likely within a narrative or didactic exemplum).

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "dharma (didactic)", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Himsa and sin
• Karmaphala (results of actions)
• Naraka doctrine
• Protection of the vulnerable

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse condemns two especially heinous transgressions: betrayal-murder of one who trusts (viśvasta-ghāta) and violence against women and children. It teaches that such acts are not merely social crimes but dharmic violations with inevitable post-mortem consequences (niraya), reinforcing protection of the vulnerable and the sanctity of trust as pillars of righteous order.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This verse aligns most closely with 'Vamśānucarita' / narrative exempla used to teach dharma (ethical instruction through story), rather than the cosmological categories. It is not primarily Sarga/Pratisarga/Manvantara/Vamśa in content; it functions as dharma-upadeśa embedded in narrative.

What is the esoteric significance?

Esoterically, 'viśvasta' (the trusting) symbolizes the vulnerable psyche that surrenders in faith; harming it represents a profound violation of ṛta/dharma. 'Niraya' signifies the inward descent into states of suffering produced by tamasic cruelty—an inner hell that mirrors the outer doctrine of punitive realms. The declaration 'today, slain by me' dramatizes the immediacy of karmic consequence once adharma ripens.