Shloka 79

Adhyaya 16 — The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

Sanskrit

समनन्तरमेवास्या भर्ता प्राणैर्व्ययुज्यत ।

पपत च महीपृष्ठे पतन्तं जगृहे च सा ॥

Transliteration

samanantaram evāsyā bhartā prāṇair vyayujyata /

papata ca mahī-pṛṣṭhe patantaṃ jagṛhe ca sā

Translation

അതിനുശേഷം ഉടൻ തന്നെ അവളുടെ ഭർത്താവ് പ്രാണങ്ങളിൽ നിന്ന് വേർപെട്ടു; അവൻ ഭൂമിതലത്തിൽ വീണു, വീഴുമ്പോൾ അവൾ അവനെ പിടിച്ചു താങ്ങി।

Word by Word

• samanantaram: immediately thereafter
• samanantaram: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: samanantara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) meaning ‘immediately after’

• eva: indeed, just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), particle (निपात) of emphasis

• asyāḥ: of her
• asyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• bhartā: husband
• bhartā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• prāṇaiḥ: with (his) vital breaths; from life
• prāṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vyayujyata: was separated (departed)
• vyayujyata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-√yuj (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्, imperfect), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); passive-like sense ‘was separated’

• papata: fell
• papata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pat (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्, aorist), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)

• mahī-pṛṣṭhe: on the surface of the earth
• mahī-pṛṣṭhe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahī (प्रातिपदिक) + pṛṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष ‘on the earth’s surface’

• patantam: falling
• patantam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √pat (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
• Form: Present active participle (वर्तमान-कृदन्त, शतृ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying bhartā

• jagṛhe: caught, seized
• jagṛhe: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √grah (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, perfect), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Narratorial voice

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Inevitability of curse timing
• Marital devotion
• Death and prāṇa
• Compassionate immediacy

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse dramatizes the moment of karmic fruition while emphasizing steadfast care: even when outcomes seem fixed, dharmic response is to protect and uphold, not collapse into despair.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Narrative ethics (vaṃśānucarita/upākhyāna style), not a pancalakṣaṇa doctrinal unit.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Separation from prāṇas’ points to the subtle departure of vitality; ‘catching the falling one’ symbolizes the conserving power of devotion that can ‘hold’ life at the threshold.