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Shloka 56

Adhyaya 15Karmic Retribution: Rebirths After Naraka and the King’s Compassion in Hell

राजोवाच न स्वर्गे ब्रह्मलोके वा तत्सुखं प्राप्यते नरैः ।

यदार्तजन्तुनिर्वाणदानोत्थमिति मे मतिः ॥

rājovāca na svarge brahmaloke vā tat sukhaṃ prāpyate naraiḥ | yad ārta-jantu-nirvāṇa-dānottham iti me matiḥ ||

രാജാവ് പറഞ്ഞു—മനുഷ്യർക്ക് സ്വർഗ്ഗത്തിലോ ബ്രഹ്മലോകത്തിലോ പോലും ലഭിക്കാത്ത ആനന്ദം, പീഡിത ജീവികൾക്ക് ആശ്വാസം/വിമോചനം നൽകുന്നതിൽ നിന്നു ജനിക്കുന്ന ആനന്ദമാണ്; ഇതാണ് എന്റെ ഉറച്ച വിശ്വാസം।

rājāthe king
rājā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Negator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
svargein heaven
svarge:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootsvarga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
brahma-lokein Brahmaloka
brahma-loke:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahma + loka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ‘in Brahma’s world’
or
:
Samuccaya/Vikalpa (समुच्चय/विकल्प)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conjunction), विकल्पार्थ ‘or’
tatthat
tat:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; विशेषण of sukham
sukhamhappiness
sukham:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन
prāpyateis obtained
prāpyate:
Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√āp (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive) ‘is obtained’
naraiḥby men
naraiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; passive agent
yatwhich
yat:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; correlating to ‘tat sukham’
ārta-jantu-nirvāṇa-dāna-utthamarising from granting release to afflicted beings
ārta-jantu-nirvāṇa-dāna-uttham:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootārta + jantu + nirvāṇa + dāna + uttha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘arising from giving liberation to afflicted creatures’ (qualifies sukham)
itithus
iti:
Vakyopanyasa (वाक्योपन्यास/Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (quotative particle)
memy
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
matiḥopinion, thought
matiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
King (rājā)

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaCompassionDānaEthicsSoteriology (relief from suffering)

FAQs

Compassionate action that tangibly relieves suffering is valued above personal celestial reward. The verse elevates altruistic dharma (paropakāra) as a superior ‘sukha’ to post-mortem enjoyments.

Ācāra/dharma-upadeśa embedded in narrative; it is an ethical maxim rather than sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara.

‘Nirvāṇa’ here hints at the inner quenching of duḥkha through self-transcending giving: when ego loosens via dāna, a higher joy arises that even ‘lokas’ cannot match.