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Shloka 6

Adhyaya 14The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments

यस्तमुल्लङ्घ्य धर्मात्मा कामेष्वासक्तिमान् भवेत् ।

स तु पित्र्यादृणात् पापमवाप्य नरकं पतेत् ॥

yastamullaṅghya dharmātmā kāmeṣvāsaktimān bhavet / sa tu pitryādṛṇāt pāpamavāpya narakaṃ patet

സ്വയം ധാർമ്മികനെന്നു കരുതിയിട്ടും ആ നിയമം ലംഘിച്ച് ഭോഗങ്ങളിൽ ആസക്തനാകുന്നവൻ—പിതൃക്രമത്തെ അവഗണിച്ചതിനാൽ പാപം സമ്പാദിച്ച് നരകത്തിൽ പതിക്കുന്നു।

yaḥwhoever
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक-सर्वनाम
tamthat (rule/limit)
tam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
ullaṅghyahaving transgressed
ullaṅghya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootud-√laṅgh (धातु) + lyap (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
Formल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव-कृदन्त (gerund/absolutive); पूर्वकालिक क्रिया
dharmātmāone whose nature is righteous
dharmātmā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; appositional)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (yasya ātmā dharmaḥ saḥ)
kāmeṣuin pleasures/desires
kāmeṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Domain)
TypeNoun
Rootkāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (Plural)
āsaktimānattached; addicted
āsaktimān:
Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण/predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootāsakti-mant (प्रातिपदिक; -mant possessive)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण
bhavetwould become
bhavet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
tubut; indeed
tu:
Sambandha-dyotaka (सम्बन्ध/contrast marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधान/विरोधसूचक (particle)
pitryātfrom ancestral (debt)
pitryāt:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeAdjective
Rootpitrya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ṛṇāt)
ṛṇātfrom debt
ṛṇāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
TypeNoun
Rootṛṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन
pāpamsin
pāpam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootpāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
avāpyahaving incurred/obtained
avāpya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootava-√āp (धातु) + lyap (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
Formल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव-कृदन्त (gerund/absolutive)
narakamhell
narakam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of motion)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
patetwould fall
patet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√pat (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
Yamakiṅkara (didactic statement)

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Dharma vs. kāmaPitṛ obligationHypocrisy/self-deception (dharmātmā yet transgressing)Naraka

FAQs

Self-image as ‘dhārmic’ is irrelevant if conduct violates core obligations. Disregard for pitṛ-dharma (lineage/procreative order and ancestral duties) is singled out as a pathway to severe karmic downfall.

Normative dharma teaching within a Naraka narrative; not a Pancalakṣaṇa category.

Pitṛ here can be read as the ‘roots’—one’s origin, responsibility, and continuity. Ignoring the roots for immediate pleasure leads to ‘falling’ states (naraka) understood as contraction of consciousness and suffering.