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Shloka 11

Adhyaya 14The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments

परपत्रेण पाट्यन्ते कस्मादेतेऽतिदुःखिताः ।

करम्भवालुकास्वेते पच्यन्ते तैलगोचराः ॥

parapatreṇa pāṭyante kasmād ete ’ti-duḥkhitāḥ / karambha-vālukāsv ete pacyante taila-gocarāḥ //

എന്തുകൊണ്ടാണ് ഈ ജീവികൾ ഇത്രയധികം ദുരിതത്തിലായിരിക്കുന്നത്—വാൾ പോലെയുള്ള ഇലകൾ കൊണ്ട് അവയെ അറുക്കുന്നത് എന്തിനാണ്? എന്തിനാണ് അവയെ ക്ഷാരത്തിലും മണലിലും വേവിക്കുന്നത്, എണ്ണയിൽ ഇട്ട് വറുക്കുന്നത്?

para-patreṇawith a foreign/other leaf
para-patreṇa:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक) + patra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (परं पत्रम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन
pāṭyanteare cut / are slit
pāṭyante:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpaṭ (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive), आत्मनेपद
kasmātwhy / from what cause
kasmāt:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन; प्रश्नार्थक
etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
ati-duḥkhitāḥextremely miserable
ati-duḥkhitāḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootati (अव्यय-उपसर्गवत्) + duḥkhita (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (अत्यन्तं दुःखिताः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
karambha-vālukāsuin gruel and sand
karambha-vālukāsu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootkarambha (प्रातिपदिक) + vālukā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्वसमास (करम्भश्च वालुकाश्च), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), बहुवचन
etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
pacyanteare cooked / are tormented by heat
pacyante:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpac (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive), आत्मनेपद
taila-gocarāḥmoving/lying in oil (oil-range)
taila-gocarāḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottaila (प्रातिपदिक) + gocara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (तैलस्य गोचराः/तैले गोचराः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
King to Yama’s messenger (observational questioning)

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Yama
Karmic retributionNaraka typologyViolence and consequence

FAQs

Purāṇic hell-imagery functions as moral deterrent: cruelty, exploitation, and causing pain ‘returns’ as pain with analogous textures—cutting, burning, boiling.

Not a pañcalakṣaṇa core (like sarga/manvantara), but a dharma-oriented excursus illustrating karmaphala within the narrative frame.

‘Cutting’ and ‘cooking’ symbolize the soul being processed by its own tendencies (saṃskāras): sharpness (violence) and heat (anger/greed) mature into experiential suffering.