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Shloka 12

Adhyaya 12The Son Describes the Narakas: Mahāraurava, Tamas, Nikṛntana, Apratiṣṭha, Asipatravana, and Taptakumbha

दन्तास्तेषाञ्च भज्यन्ते शीतार्तिपरिकम्पिताः ।

क्षुत्तृष्णाप्रबलास्तत्र तथैवान्येऽप्युपद्रवाः ॥

dantās teṣāṃ ca bhajyante śītārti-parikampitāḥ /

kṣut-tṛṣṇā-prabalās tatra tathaivānye 'py upadravāḥ

തണുപ്പിന്റെ വേദനയിൽ വിറയ്ക്കുന്നവരുടെ പല്ലുകൾ പൊട്ടി വീഴും; അവിടെ വിശപ്പും ദാഹവും അതിതീവ്രം, മറ്റു ക്ലേശങ്ങളും കൂടെയുണ്ട്।

दन्ताःteeth
दन्ताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdanta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive/षष्ठी), बहुवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)
भज्यन्तेare broken
भज्यन्ते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhaj (धातु)
Formलट् लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोग (passive sense: ‘are broken’), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
शीतार्तिपरिकम्पिताःshaken/trembling due to cold-pain
शीतार्तिपरिकम्पिताः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootśīta + ārti + pari-√kamp (धातु) + ita (कृत्)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP/क्त-समकक्ष ‘-इत’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (śīta-ārti = ‘cold-pain’) + उपसर्गपूर्वक कृदन्त; विशेषणम् ‘दन्ताः’
क्षुत्तृष्णाप्रबलाःstrong (afflictions) of hunger and thirst
क्षुत्तृष्णाप्रबलाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣut + tṛṣṇā + prabala (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्वः (kṣut-tṛṣṇā = ‘hunger and thirst’) + कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-भाव (prabala = ‘strong’); विशेषणम् (implicit ‘उपद्रवाः/अन्ये’)
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, देशवाचक (locative adverb)
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण
एवindeed/just
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधारणार्थक निपात (emphatic particle)
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चय/अपि-भाव (also/even)
उपद्रवाःafflictions/troubles
उपद्रवाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootupadrava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन
Unspecified in provided excerpt

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Karma-phalaSuffering imageryNaraka

FAQs

Unchecked desire (hunger/thirst as symbols) becomes torment; ethical life disciplines craving, preventing it from maturing into suffering.

Didactic narrative supporting dharma; not directly genealogical or manvantara-related.

Broken teeth and trembling indicate loss of ‘capacity to consume’—a reversal where the consumer (desire-driven ego) is itself dismantled by the very forces it served.