Shloka 110

Dhaumya’s Enumeration of Eastern Tīrthas

Prācī-diś Tīrtha-kathana

Devanagari script

पिता पितामहश्नैव सर्वे च प्रपितामहा: । पितामहपुरोगाश्च देवा: सर्षिगणा नृूप

Transliteration

pitā pitāmahaś caiva sarve ca prapitāmahāḥ | pitāmahapurogāś ca devāḥ sarṣigaṇā nṛpa ||

Translation

ഹേ നൃപ! നിന്റെ പിതാവും പിതാമഹനും എല്ലാ പ്രപിതാമഹന്മാരും; കൂടാതെ പിതാമഹൻ (ബ്രഹ്മാവ്) മുൻപിൽ നിൽക്കെ ഋഷിഗണങ്ങളോടുകൂടിയ ദേവന്മാരും—ഇവരൊക്കെയും (ഈ കാര്യത്തിൽ) സാക്ഷികളാണ്.

Word by Word

• पिता: father
• पिता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पितामहाः: grandfathers
• पितामहाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• प्रपितामहाः: great-grandfathers
• प्रपितामहाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रपितामह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पितामहपुरोगाः: having the grandfathers in front/led by grandfathers
• पितामहपुरोगाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पितामहपुरोग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• देवाः: gods
• देवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• स: with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स

• ऋषिगणाः: groups of sages
• ऋषिगणाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषिगण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• नृप: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

पुलस्त्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Pulastya
• nṛpa (the king, addressee)
• pitā (father)
• pitāmaha (grandfather/grandsire)
• prapitāmahāḥ (great-grandfathers/ancestors)
• devāḥ (gods)
• ṛṣigaṇāḥ (hosts of sages)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

That dharma is upheld under the gaze of both one’s ancestors and the higher moral authorities (gods and sages); therefore a ruler’s choices must honor lineage-based obligations and cosmic order, not merely personal preference.

What is happening in the narrative?

Pulastya addresses a king and invokes a solemn assembly of forefathers, gods, and seers—led by the grandsire—to emphasize the gravity of the subject under discussion and to frame it within ancestral and divine oversight.