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Shloka 18

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Brahmacarya and the Formless Brahman

Udyoga Parva 44

अध्यापयेन्महदेतद्‌ यशस्यं वाचो विकारा: कवयो वदन्ति । अस्मिन्‌ योगे सर्वमिदं प्रतिछितं ये तद्‌ विदुरमृतास्ते भवन्ति,यह महत्त्वपूर्ण शास्त्र परम यशरूप परमात्माकी प्राप्ति करानेवाला है, इसे शिष्योंको अवश्य पढ़ाना चाहिये। परमात्मासे भिन्न यह सारा दृश्य-प्रपंच वाणीका विकारमात्र है-- ऐसा विद्वान्‌ लोग कहते हैं। इस योगशास्त्रमें यह परमात्मविषयक सम्पूर्ण ज्ञान प्रतिष्ठित है; इसे जो जान लेते हैं, वे अमर हो जाते हैं अर्थात्‌ जन्म-मरणसे मुक्त हो जाते हैं

adhyāpayen mahad etad yaśasyaṃ vāco vikārāḥ kavayo vadanti | asmin yoge sarvam idaṃ pratiṣṭhitaṃ ye tad vidur amṛtās te bhavanti ||

പരമാത്മപ്രാപ്തിയിലേക്കു നയിക്കുന്ന ഈ മഹത്തും യശസ്സും നിറഞ്ഞ ഉപദേശം യോഗ്യശിഷ്യന്മാർക്ക് നിർബന്ധമായി പഠിപ്പിക്കണം. പണ്ഡിതർ പറയുന്നു: പരമാത്മയിൽ നിന്ന് വേറെയെന്ന് കരുതപ്പെടുന്ന ഈ ദൃശ്യപ്രപഞ്ചം വാക്കിന്റെ വികാരം മാത്രം—ശബ്ദനിർമ്മിതിമാത്രം. ഈ യോഗശാസ്ത്രത്തിൽ പരമാത്മവിഷയക സമസ്തജ്ഞാനവും ഉറച്ചുനില്ക്കുന്നു; അതിനെ യഥാർത്ഥത്തിൽ അറിയുന്നവർ അമൃതരാകുന്നു—അഥവാ ജനനമരണചക്രത്തിൽ നിന്ന് മോചിതരാകുന്നു.

अध्यापयेत्should teach
अध्यापयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअध्यापय् (अधि+आप् caus.)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
महत्great
महत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
यशस्यम्glorious, fame-giving
यशस्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयशस्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वाचःof speech
वाचः:
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
Formfeminine, genitive, singular
विकाराःmodifications, transformations
विकाराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविकार
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
कवयःsages/poets
कवयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकवि
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
वदन्तिsay
वदन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormLat (present indicative), 3, plural, Parasmaipada
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (अस्मिन्-रूप)
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, singular
योगेin the yoga (discipline/teaching)
योगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयोग
Formmasculine, locative, singular
सर्वम्all
सर्वम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formneuter, nominative, singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
प्रतिष्ठितम्is established, is set forth
प्रतिष्ठितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-स्था (ppp प्रतिष्ठित)
Formक्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative, singular
येthose who
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
तत्that (teaching/knowledge)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
विदुःknow
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (ज्ञाने)
FormLit (perfect), 3, plural, Parasmaipada
अमृताःimmortal
अमृताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमृत
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
भवन्तिbecome
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormLat (present indicative), 3, plural, Parasmaipada

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta

Educational Q&A

True knowledge of the Supreme, taught through this yoga/discipline, reveals that the apparent world (when taken as separate from the Supreme) is largely a construct of language and conceptualization; realizing the Supreme through this knowledge leads to ‘deathlessness’—freedom from birth and death.

In the Sanatsujātīya section of the Udyoga Parva, the sage Sanatsujāta instructs (in a didactic setting) on liberation-oriented knowledge. Here he emphasizes the duty to transmit this exalted teaching and asserts its liberating result.