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Shloka 7

Vidura-nīti: Atithi-dharma, Trust, Counsel-Secrecy, and Traits of Sustainable Rule

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 38

जो वृद्धि भविष्यमें नाशका कारण बने, उसे अधिक महत्त्व नहीं देना चाहिये और उस क्षयका भी बहुत आदर करना चाहिये, जो आगे चलकर अभ्युदयका कारण हो ।। न स क्षयो महाराज य: क्षयो वृद्धिमावहेत्‌ | क्षय: स त्विह मन्तव्यो यं लब्ध्वा बहु नाशयेत्‌,महाराज! वास्तवमें जो क्षय वृद्धिका कारण होता है, वह क्षय नहीं है; किंतु उस लाभको भी क्षय ही मानना चाहिये, जिसे पानेसे बहुत-से लाभोंका नाश हो जाय

vidura uvāca | na sa kṣayo mahārāja yaḥ kṣayo vṛddhim āvahet | kṣayaḥ sa tv iha mantavyo yaṁ labdhvā bahu nāśayet ||

മഹാരാജാവേ! പിന്നീടു വർദ്ധിക്ക് കാരണമാകുന്ന ക്ഷയം യഥാർത്ഥത്തിൽ ക്ഷയമല്ല; എന്നാൽ ഒരുലാഭം ലഭിച്ചതിനാൽ അനേകം ലാഭങ്ങൾ നശിച്ചുപോകുന്നുവെങ്കിൽ, ആ ലാഭം തന്നെയിവിടെ ക്ഷയമായി കരുതണം.

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
saḥthat (it/he)
saḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
kṣayaḥloss, diminution
kṣayaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootkṣaya
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
mahārājaO great king
mahārāja:
TypeNoun
Rootmahārāja
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
yaḥwhich
yaḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootyad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
kṣayaḥloss
kṣayaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootkṣaya
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
vṛddhimincrease, growth
vṛddhim:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootvṛddhi
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
āvahetwould bring about
āvahet:
TypeVerb
Rootā-√vah
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
kṣayaḥloss
kṣayaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootkṣaya
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
saḥthat (indeed)
saḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
tubut, however
tu:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu
ihahere, in this matter
iha:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha
mantavyaḥto be considered
mantavyaḥ:
TypeAdjective
Root√man
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
yamwhich (that)
yam:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootyad
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
labdhvāhaving obtained
labdhvā:
TypeVerb
Root√labh
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
bahumuch, many (as a mass)
bahu:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootbahu
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
nāśayetwould destroy
nāśayet:
TypeVerb
Root√naś
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, true

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
M
Mahārāja (the king addressed, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Educational Q&A

Evaluate ‘gain’ and ‘loss’ by their long-term consequences: a present loss that leads to future welfare is not real loss, while a present gain that destroys greater goods is effectively loss.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura counsels the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) with practical dharma and political wisdom, urging him to judge choices not by immediate profit but by whether they preserve or ruin lasting prosperity and righteousness.