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Shloka 63

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

अर्थनामीश्वरो यः स्यादिन्द्रियाणामनी श्वर: । इन्द्रियाणामनैश्वयदिदश्वर्याद्‌ भ्रश्यते हि सः,जो अधिक धनका स्वामी होकर भी इन्द्रियोॉंपर अधिकार नहीं रखता, वह इन्द्रियोंको वशमें न रखनेके कारण ही एऐश्वर्यसे भ्रष्ट हो जाता है

arthanāmīśvaro yaḥ syād indriyāṇām anīśvaraḥ | indriyāṇām anaiśvaryād aiśvaryād bhraśyate hi saḥ ||

ധനത്തിന്റെ അധിപനായിട്ടും ഇന്ദ്രിയങ്ങളുടെ അധിപനല്ലാത്തവൻ, ഇന്ദ്രിയങ്ങളിലെ അധിപത്യമില്ലായ്മ കൊണ്ടുതന്നെ തന്റെ ഐശ്വര്യത്തിൽ നിന്ന് പതിക്കുന്നു.

अर्थनामone having wealth (lit. wealth-named/wealth-possessing)
अर्थनाम:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ईश्वरःlord, master
ईश्वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be / may be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इन्द्रियाणाम्of the senses
इन्द्रियाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
अनीश्वरःnot master (powerless)
अनीश्वरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनीश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इन्द्रियाणाम्of the senses
इन्द्रियाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
अनैश्वर्यात्from lack of mastery
अनैश्वर्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअनैश्वर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
ईश्वर्यात्from prosperity / lordship
ईश्वर्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootऐश्वर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
भ्रश्यतेfalls away, is deprived
भ्रश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootभ्रंश् (धातु)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
S
senses (indriyāṇi)
W
wealth (artha)
P
prosperity/sovereignty (aiśvarya)

Educational Q&A

True sovereignty is self-mastery: control over the senses is the foundation of lasting prosperity. Wealth and power without restraint lead to downfall.

In Vidura’s counsel during the Udyoga Parva, he warns that rulers or householders who cannot govern their senses will inevitably lose their wealth and status, emphasizing ethical discipline as essential for stability.