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Shloka 10

Udyoga Parva, Adhyaya 2 — Baladeva’s Counsel on Peace, Restitution, and Court Protocol

हित्वा हि कर्ण च सुयोधनं च समाह्दयद्‌ देवितुमाजमीढ: । दुरोदरास्तत्र सहस्रशो<न्ये युधिष्ठिरो यान्‌ विषहेत जेतुम्‌

hitvā hi karṇaṃ ca suyodhanaṃ ca samāhvayad devitum ājamīḍhaḥ | duroddarās tatra sahasraśo 'nye yudhiṣṭhiro yān viṣahet jetum ||

കർണനെയും സുയോധനനെയും വിട്ട് അജമീഢവംശജനായ (യുധിഷ്ഠിരൻ) ചൂതാട്ടത്തിനായി (ശകുനിയെ) വെല്ലുവിളിച്ചു. അവിടെ മറ്റും ആയിരക്കണക്കിന് കഠിനമായ ചൂതന്മാർ ഉണ്ടായിരുന്നു—അവരെ ജയിക്കുക യുധിഷ്ഠിരനു പോലും ദുഷ്കരമായിരുന്നു.

हित्वाhaving abandoned
हित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहा (त्यागे)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund)
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
कर्णम्Karna
कर्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुयोधनम्Suyodhana (Duryodhana)
सुयोधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुयोधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समाह्वयत्summoned/called together
समाह्वयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-ह्वा (आह्वाने)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
देवितुम्to gamble/play at dice
देवितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदिव् (द्युतक्रीडायाम्)
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
अजमीढःAjamiḍha (epithet/ancestor-name; here used as a patronymic epithet)
अजमीढः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअजमीढ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुरोदराःevil gamblers (lit. those with bad dice-play)
दुरोदराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुरोदर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
सहस्रशःby the thousand; in thousands
सहस्रशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहस्रशस्
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यान्whom/which (those whom)
यान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विषहेतcould endure / be able
विषहेत:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-षह् (सहने)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
जेतुम्to conquer/defeat
जेतुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootजि (जय)
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)

बलदेव उवाच

B
Baladeva (Balarāma)
K
Karna
S
Suyodhana (Duryodhana)
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Ā
Ājamīḍha

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical danger of dice and the social power of those skilled in deceitful play: even a dharmic king like Yudhiṣṭhira can be drawn into contests where the odds are stacked by seasoned gamblers, showing how adharma can masquerade as ‘sport’ and lead to ruin.

Balarāma comments on the situation around the dice-contest context: Yudhiṣṭhira, identified as a descendant of Ājamīḍha, is portrayed as being set against not only famous figures like Karṇa and Duryodhana but also a multitude of other hardened gamblers present, emphasizing the imbalance and peril of the challenge.