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Shloka 39

Udyoga Parva Adhyāya 132 — Vidura’s Counsel on Udyama, Yaśas, and Kṣātra-Dharma

पुत्र उवाच कि नु ते मामपश्यन्त्या: पृथिव्या अपि सर्वया । किमाभरणकृत्यं ते कि भोगैर्जीवितेन वा,पुत्र बोला--माँ! यदि तू मुझे न देखे तो यह सारी पृथ्वी मिल जानेपर भी तुझे क्या सुख मिलेगा? मेरे न रहनेपर तुझे आभूषणोंकी भी क्या आवश्यकता होगी? भाँति-भाँतिके भोगों और जीवनसे भी तेरा कया प्रयोजन सिद्ध होगा?

putra uvāca: kiṁ nu te mām apaśyantyāḥ pṛthivyā api sarvayā | kim ābharaṇakṛtyaṁ te kiṁ bhogair jīvitena vā ||

പുത്രൻ പറഞ്ഞു— അമ്മേ! നീ എന്നെ കാണാൻ കഴിയാതെ വന്നാൽ, സർവ്വ ഭൂമിയും ലഭിച്ചാലും നിനക്ക് എന്ത് സന്തോഷം? ഞാൻ ഇല്ലെങ്കിൽ നിനക്ക് ആഭരണങ്ങൾ എന്തിന്? പലവിധ ഭോഗങ്ങളാലോ, ജീവിച്ചിരിപ്പാലോ പോലും നിനക്ക് ഏതു പ്രയോജനം സിദ്ധിക്കും?

पुत्रःthe son
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
किम्what?
किम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम्
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
तेto you/for you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Dative, Singular
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
अपश्यन्त्याःof (you) not seeing
अपश्यन्त्याः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअपश्यन्ती
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
पृथिव्याःof the earth
पृथिव्याः:
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सर्वयाwith the whole/entire
सर्वया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम्
आभरणकृत्यम्need/use of ornaments
आभरणकृत्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootआभरणकृत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तेto you/for you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Dative, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम्
भोगैःwith enjoyments/pleasures
भोगैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभोग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
जीवितेनwith life/living
जीवितेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा

पुत्र उवाच

S
son (putra)
M
mother (implied)
E
earth (pṛthivī)
O
ornaments (ābharaṇa)
P
pleasures/enjoyments (bhoga)
L
life (jīvita)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how worldly gains—power, wealth, ornaments, and sensory pleasures—lose their meaning when severed from the relationships and affections that give life value. It underscores an ethical insight: human well-being is not measured merely by possessions, but by the presence and welfare of loved ones.

In a poignant exchange, a son addresses his mother, questioning what benefit she could derive from sovereignty over the whole earth, from adornments, or even from continued life, if she were deprived of seeing him. The speech intensifies the emotional and moral stakes of the situation by contrasting personal loss with worldly prosperity.