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Shloka 34

Adhyāya 128 — Proposal to Restrain Keśava; Sātyaki’s Warning and Vidura–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Counsel

सतत निग्रहे युक्त इन्द्रियाणां भवेन्नूप: । ईप्सन्नर्थ च धर्म च द्विषतां च पराभवम्‌,“अतः: अर्थ, धर्म तथा शत्रुओंका पराभव चाहनेवाले राजाको सदा अपनी इन्द्रियोंको काबूमें रखनेका प्रयत्न करना चाहिये

satataṁ nigrahe yukta indriyāṇāṁ bhaven nṛpaḥ | īpsann arthaṁ ca dharmaṁ ca dviṣatāṁ ca parābhavam ||

വൈശമ്പായനൻ പറഞ്ഞു—രാജാവ് എപ്പോഴും ഇന്ദ്രിയനിഗ്രഹത്തിൽ നിഷ്ഠയോടെ ഇരിക്കണം. അർത്ഥവും ധർമ്മവും ആഗ്രഹിക്കുകയും ശത്രുക്കളുടെ പരാജയം തേടുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നവന് സ്ഥിരമായ ആത്മസംയമം തന്നെയാണ് യുക്തമായ ശിക്ഷണം.

सततम्always, constantly
सततम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय
निग्रहेin restraint/control
निग्रहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
युक्तःengaged, devoted, disciplined
युक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुज् (धातु) → युक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
इन्द्रियाणाम्of the senses
इन्द्रियाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
भवेत्should be, ought to become
भवेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
नृपःthe king
नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ईप्सन्desiring, seeking
ईप्सन्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआप् (धातु) → ईप्सत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (वर्तमान कृदन्तः)
अर्थम्wealth, polity, material good
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formअव्यय
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formअव्यय
द्विषताम्of enemies (of those who hate)
द्विषताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विषत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; द्विष् धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formअव्यय
पराभवम्defeat, overthrow
पराभवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपराभव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
N
nṛpa (the king/ruler)
D
dviṣat (enemies/foes)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches rājadharma: a ruler who aims at artha (effective governance and prosperity), dharma (righteous conduct), and victory over adversaries must first master indriya-nigraha—steady restraint of the senses—because unruled desire and anger undermine judgment and policy.

In Vaiśampāyana’s narration within the Udyoga Parva’s counsel on conduct and policy, a general principle is stated for kings: continual self-discipline is presented as the foundation for ethical rule and successful political outcomes, including dealing with enemies.