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Shloka 11

Yuddha-yajña-vyākhyāna (The Battle as Sacrifice): Ambarīṣa–Indra Saṃvāda

अनेन क्रतुभिमर्ुख्यै्नेष्टं नापि द्विजातय: । तर्पिता विधिवच्छक्र सोडयं कस्मादतीव माम्‌

Ambarīṣa uvāca: anena kratubhir mukhyair neṣṭaṃ nāpi dvijātayaḥ | tarpītā vidhivac chakra so ’yaṃ kasmād atīva mām (aiśvaryam īdṛśaṃ prāptaḥ sarvadevaiḥ sudurlabham | indradeva! asine na to baṛe-baṛe yajña kiye aur na vidhipūrvak brāhmaṇoṃ ko hī tṛpta kiyā | vahī yaha sudeva āj mujhko lāṅghkar ūpar-ūparse kaise jā rahā hai? ise aisā aiśvarya kahāṃse prāpta ho gayā, jo sampūrṇa devatāoṃ ke liye bhī atyanta durlabha hai?)

അംബരീഷൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ ശക്രാ! ഇദ്ദേഹം പ്രധാന യജ്ഞങ്ങൾ ചെയ്തിട്ടില്ല; വിധിപൂർവ്വം ദ്വിജന്മാരെ തൃപ്തിപ്പെടുത്തിയതുമില്ല. എങ്കിൽ ഇപ്പോൾ അവൻ എങ്ങനെ എന്നെ ഇത്രയും അതിക്രമിച്ച് മുന്നേറുന്നു? സർവ്വദേവന്മാർക്കും അത്യന്തം ദുർലഭമായ ഇത്തരമൊരു ഐശ്വര്യം അവന് എവിടെ നിന്നാണ് ലഭിച്ചത്?

अनेनby this (person/one)
अनेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
क्रतुभिःby sacrifices/rites
क्रतुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्रतु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
मुख्यैःgreat/chief
मुख्यैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इष्टम्sacrificed/has performed sacrifice
इष्टम्:
Karma
TypeVerb-derived adjective/participle
Rootइष्ट (यज्-धातोः क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
nor/not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
द्विजातयःthe twice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजातयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तर्पिताःsatisfied/pleased
तर्पिताः:
Karma
TypeVerb-derived adjective/participle
Rootतर्पित (तृप्-धातोः क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विधिवत्according to rule
विधिवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधिवत्
चक्रdid/made
चक्र:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कस्मात्from what cause?/why?
कस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
अतीवexceedingly
अतीव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतीव
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
ऐश्वर्यम्sovereignty/power
ऐश्वर्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऐश्वर्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ईदृशम्such/like this
ईदृशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootईदृश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्तःhaving obtained
प्राप्तः:
TypeVerb-derived adjective/participle
Rootप्राप्त (प्र-आप्/आप्-धातोः क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वदेवैःby all the gods
सर्वदेवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वदेव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सुदुर्लभम्very hard to obtain
सुदुर्लभम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदुर्लभ
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
इन्द्रदेवO Indra-god!
इन्द्रदेव:
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रदेव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

अमग्बरीष उवाच

A
Ambarīṣa
I
Indra (Śakra)
D
dvijātayaḥ (Brahmins/twice-born)
S
Sudeva (as referenced in the accompanying Gita Press gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a moral tension: external ritual achievements (great sacrifices, formal gratification of Brahmins) are commonly treated as measures of merit, yet extraordinary prosperity may arise from other, less visible causes. It implicitly cautions against judging worth solely by public ritual credentials and exposes how envy can distort one’s sense of justice.

Ambarīṣa addresses Indra in protest and disbelief. He observes someone (identified in the Gita Press gloss as Sudeva) enjoying exceptional, almost god-like eminence despite not having performed renowned sacrifices or ritually honoring the twice-born. Ambarīṣa asks Indra to explain how such rare sovereignty was attained.