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Shloka 8

Book 12, Chapter 93 — Vāmadeva’s Counsel to King Vasumanā on Dharmic Kingship (धर्मप्रधान-राजधर्मोपदेशः)

अधर्मदर्शी यो राजा बलादेव प्रवर्तते । क्षिप्रमेवापयातो5स्मादुभौ प्रथममध्यमौ,इसके विपरीत जो राजा अधर्मपर ही दृष्टि रखकर बलपूर्वक उसमें प्रवृत्त होता है, उसे धर्म और अर्थ दोनों पुरुषार्थ शीघ्र छोड़कर चल देते हैं

adharmadarśī yo rājā balād eva pravartate | kṣipram evāpayāto 'smād ubhau prathamamadhyamau ||

വാമദേവൻ പറഞ്ഞു—അധർമ്മത്തിലേക്കു മാത്രം ദൃഷ്ടി നിശ്ചയിച്ച് ബലപ്രയോഗത്തോടെ അതിൽ പ്രവേശിക്കുന്ന രാജാവിനെ വിട്ട് ധർമ്മവും അർത്ഥവും എന്ന രണ്ടു പുരുഷാർത്ഥങ്ങളും അതിവേഗം അകന്നുപോകുന്നു।

अधर्मदर्शीone who sees (only) adharma; unrighteous-minded
अधर्मदर्शी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअधर्मदर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बलात्by force; forcibly
बलात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्रवर्ततेengages in; proceeds (to act)
प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
क्षिप्रम्quickly
क्षिप्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्षिप्र
एवindeed; certainly
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अपयातःgone away; departed
अपयातः:
TypeVerb
Rootअप√या
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
अस्मात्from him/this (person)
अस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
प्रथमthe first (of the two aims)
प्रथम:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
मध्यमौthe middle (of the aims)
मध्यमौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमध्यम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual

वामदेव उवाच

V
Vāmadeva
R
rājā (king)

Educational Q&A

A ruler who knowingly embraces adharma and enforces it through power undermines the very foundations of prosperity and legitimacy: dharma (righteous order) and artha (stable wealth and statecraft) abandon him quickly.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance and conduct, the sage Vāmadeva warns about the fate of an unrighteous king: coercive commitment to adharma causes the loss of dharma and artha, implying political decay and moral collapse.