Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 7

Adhyāya 90 — Protection of Livelihoods, Brahmanical Subsistence Norms, and Royal Oversight (राष्ट्रवृत्ति-राष्ट्रगुप्ति-उपदेशः)

कृषिगोरक्ष्यवाणिज्यं लोकानामिह जीवनम्‌ | ऊर्ध्व॑ चैव त्रयी विद्या सा भूतान्‌ भावयत्युत,खेती, पशुपालन और वाणिज्य--ये तो इसी लोकमें लोगोंकी जीविकाके साधन हैं; परंतु तीनों वेद ऊपरके लोकोंमें भी रक्षा करते हैं। वे ही यज्ञोंद्वारा समस्त प्राणियोंकी उत्पत्ति और वृद्धिमें हेतु हैं

bhīṣma uvāca |

kṛṣigorakṣyavāṇijyaṁ lokānām iha jīvanam |

ūrdhvaṁ caiva trayī vidyā sā bhūtān bhāvayaty uta ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—“കൃഷി, ഗോരക്ഷ, വാണിജ്യം—ഇവയാണ് ഈ ലോകത്തിൽ ജനങ്ങളുടെ ഉപജീവനമാർഗങ്ങൾ. എന്നാൽ ത്രയീവിദ്യ—മൂന്നു വേദങ്ങൾ—ഊർധ്വലോകങ്ങളിലും രക്ഷ നൽകുന്നു; യജ്ഞങ്ങളിലൂടെ സകല ജീവികളെയും പോഷിപ്പിക്കുകയും വർധിപ്പിക്കുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നു.”

कृषिagriculture
कृषि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृषि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गोरक्ष्यcow-protection; cattle-rearing
गोरक्ष्य:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगोरक्ष्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वाणिज्यम्trade; commerce
वाणिज्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाणिज्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
लोकानाम्of people; of the worlds/folk
लोकानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
इहhere; in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
Formtrue
जीवनम्livelihood; means of living
जीवनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजीवन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ऊर्ध्वम्above; in higher (worlds)
ऊर्ध्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊर्ध्व
Formtrue
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
Formtrue
त्रयीthe triad (of Vedas); the three Vedas
त्रयी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रयी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
विद्याknowledge; sacred learning
विद्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
साthat (she/it)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भूतान्beings; creatures
भूतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भावयतिnourishes; causes to thrive; sustains
भावयति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (भावयति—causative of √भू)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
उतalso; moreover
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
Formtrue

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
trayī vidyā (the Vedas)
K
kṛṣi (agriculture)
G
go-rakṣya (cattle-rearing)
V
vāṇijya (trade)

Educational Q&A

Worldly society is sustained by practical livelihoods (farming, cattle-rearing, trade), while the Vedic tradition—especially as expressed through yajña—supports welfare beyond this life and is presented as a cosmic principle that nourishes all beings.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to the king, Bhishma explains the complementary roles of economic activity and sacred knowledge: material occupations maintain life here, while Vedic rites and learning are portrayed as sustaining order and prosperity in both this world and higher realms.