Shloka 13
राजधर्मः, दण्डनीतिः, कर्तृत्व-विचारः च
Royal Duty, Lawful Discipline, and the Question of Agency
ईश्वरेण नियुक्तो हि साध्वसाधु च भारत । कुरुते पुरुष: कर्म फलमीश्वरगामि तत्
īśvareṇa niyukto hi sādhv-asādhu ca bhārata | kurute puruṣaḥ karma phalam īśvara-gāmi tat ||
വ്യാസൻ പറഞ്ഞു— ഹേ ഭാരതാ! ഈശ്വരനെയാണ് പ്രേരക-കർത്താവെന്ന് അംഗീകരിച്ചാൽ, മനുഷ്യൻ ശുഭാശുഭ കർമ്മങ്ങൾ അവന്റെ പ്രേരണയാൽ തന്നെയാകും ചെയ്യുക; അപ്പോൾ ആ കർമ്മഫലവും ഈശ്വരനേയ്ക്കു തന്നെയാകണം.
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse argues that if God is taken as the direct instigator of human actions, then moral agency shifts away from the person; consequently, the results (phala) of both good and evil deeds would logically belong to God. This is a critique of attributing all human action to divine compulsion, and it implicitly defends human responsibility in karma.
In the Śānti Parva’s reflective discourse on dharma and conduct, Vyāsa presents a philosophical point to the addressed Bhārata: he frames a logical consequence of the claim that God is the doer/impeller of human deeds, highlighting the ethical problem that would follow regarding ownership of karmic results.