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Shloka 93

नारद–शुक संवादः

Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga

नरेन्द्र! अत: सब ओरसे ज्ञान प्राप्त करनेका ही प्रयत्न करना चाहिये। यह तो मैं तुमसे बता ही चुका हूँ कि सभी वर्णोके लोग अपने-अपने आश्रममें रहते हुए ही ज्ञान प्राप्त कर सकते हैं; अतः जो ब्राह्मण ज्ञानमें स्थित है अथवा जो दूसरे वर्णका मनुष्य भी ज्ञाननिष्ठ है

narendra! ataḥ sarva-ore jñāna-prāptiṃ kartum eva prayatnaḥ kartavyaḥ. etat tu mayā tubhyaṃ pūrvam eva kathitam—sarve varṇāḥ sva-svāśrame sthitvā jñānaṃ prāptuṃ śaknuvanti; ataḥ yaḥ brāhmaṇaḥ jñāne sthitaḥ, athavā yaḥ anyavarṇīyaḥ api jñāna-niṣṭhaḥ, tasya nityaṃ mokṣa-prāptiḥ proktā. yat te pṛṣṭaṃ tan mayā copadiṣṭaṃ yāthātathyaṃ; tad viśoko bhavasva. rājan, gacchasva etad-arthasya pāraṃ; samyak proktaṃ; svasti te tv astu nityam.

നരേന്ദ്രാ! അതിനാൽ എല്ലാദിശകളിൽ നിന്നുമുള്ള ജ്ഞാനലാഭത്തിനായി പരിശ്രമിക്കണം. എല്ലാ വർണക്കാരും തങ്ങളുടെ തങ്ങളുടെ ആശ്രമത്തിൽ നിലകൊണ്ടുകൊണ്ടുതന്നെ ജ്ഞാനം നേടാമെന്ന് ഞാൻ നിന്നോട് പറഞ്ഞിരിക്കുന്നു; അതുകൊണ്ട് ജ്ഞാനത്തിൽ സ്ഥാപിതനായ ബ്രാഹ്മണനായാലും, മറ്റൊരു വർണക്കാരൻ ജ്ഞാനനിഷ്ഠനായാലും, അവനു നിത്യ മോക്ഷം പ്രസ്താവിക്കപ്പെട്ടിരിക്കുന്നു. നീ ചോദിച്ചതിന് യഥാർത്ഥ ഉപദേശം ഞാൻ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്നു; അതിനാൽ ഇനി ശോകരഹിതനാകുക. രാജാവേ, ഈ തത്ത്വത്തിന്റെ പരക്കരയിലെത്തുക. ഞാൻ സമ്യകമായി പറഞ്ഞു—പോകുക, നിനക്ക് നിത്യ മംഗളം ഉണ്ടാകട്ടെ.

यत्what/that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
तेto you/your
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formdative/genitive, singular
पृष्टम्asked
पृष्टम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्
Formक्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
तत्that (same)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Forminstrumental, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपदिष्टम्taught/instructed
उपदिष्टम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√दिश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
याथातथ्यम्as it truly is; in accordance with reality
याथातथ्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयाथातथ्य
Formneuter, accusative (adverbial use), singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
विशोकःfree from sorrow
विशोकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-शोक
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
भवbecome; be
भव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलोट् (imperative), 2, singular, परस्मैपद
स्वwell; (as a particle in imperatives)
स्व:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्व
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
गच्छgo; proceed
गच्छ:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formलोट् (imperative), 2, singular, परस्मैपद
एतत्of this
एतत्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formneuter, genitive (in compound relation), singular
अर्थस्यof the meaning/purport
अर्थस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
पारम्the far shore; the end; the limit
पारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार
Formneuter, accusative, singular
सम्यक्properly; correctly; fully
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
प्रोक्तम्said; declared; taught
प्रोक्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√वच्
Formक्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
स्वस्तिwell-being; welfare; hail
स्वस्ति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वस्ति
तेto you; for you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formdative, singular
तुindeed; but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अस्तुlet it be; may it be
अस्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formलोट् (imperative/benedictive sense), 3, singular, परस्मैपद
नित्यम्always; continually
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

याज़्वल्क्य उवाच

Y
Yājñavalkya
K
King (Narendra/Rājan)

Educational Q&A

Liberating knowledge (jñāna) is the decisive means to mokṣa, and it is accessible to people of all varṇas when they live rightly within their own āśrama; steadfastness in knowledge, not mere social identity, is what is praised as leading to enduring liberation.

Yājñavalkya concludes his instruction to the king: he affirms that he has answered the king’s question truthfully, urges him to become free from grief, and sends him forth with a blessing to internalize the teaching and reach the ‘far shore’ of its meaning.