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Shloka 24

Adhyāya 283: Varṇa-vṛtti, Nyāya-ārjana, and the Decline-and-Restoration of Dharma (वर्णवृत्तिः न्यायार्जनं च)

एवं ब्रुवाणां भगवान्‌ स पत्नीं प्रह्ष्टरूप: क्षुभितामुवाच । न वेत्सि मां देवि कृशोदराड्ि कि नाम युक्त वचनं मखेशे,क्षोभमें भरकर इस प्रकार बोलती हुई पत्नीकी बात सुनकर भगवान्‌ शंकर हर्षसे खिल उठे और इस प्रकार बोले--'देवि! कृशोदराज्लि! तू मुझे नहीं जानती, मैं सम्पूर्ण यज्ञोंका ईश्वर हूँ। मेरे विषयमें किस प्रकारके वचन कहना चाहिये, यह भी तुम नहीं जानती

evaṁ bruvāṇāṁ bhagavān sa-patnīṁ prahṛṣṭa-rūpaḥ kṣubhitām uvāca | na vetsi māṁ devi kṛśodarī kiṁ nāma yuktaṁ vacanaṁ makheśe ||

ഇങ്ങനെ ക്ഷോഭത്തോടെ സംസാരിച്ച ഭാര്യയുടെ വാക്കുകൾ കേട്ട് ഭഗവാൻ ശങ്കരൻ ഹർഷം നിറഞ്ഞ മുഖത്തോടെ പറഞ്ഞു—“ദേവി, കൃശോദരീ, നീ എന്നെ യഥാർത്ഥത്തിൽ അറിയുന്നില്ല. ഞാൻ സർവ്വയജ്ഞങ്ങളുടെ ഈശ്വരൻ. യജ്ഞേശ്വരനെക്കുറിച്ച് ഏതു വാക്കാണ് യുക്തമെന്നതും നീ അറിയുന്നില്ല.”

एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
ब्रुवाणाम्speaking (her)
ब्रुवाणाम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formpresent active participle, feminine, accusative, singular
भगवान्the Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
he
:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पत्नीम्wife
पत्नीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपत्नी
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
प्रहृष्ट-रूपःhaving a delighted appearance
प्रहृष्ट-रूपः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रहृष्ट-रूप
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
क्षुभिताम्agitated (her)
क्षुभिताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुभित
Formpast passive participle, feminine, accusative, singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formperfect, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वेत्सिyou know
वेत्सि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
Formpresent, 2nd, singular, parasmaipada
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formaccusative, singular
देविO goddess
देवि:
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी
Formfeminine, vocative, singular
कृशोदरीO slender-waisted one
कृशोदरी:
TypeNoun
Rootकृशोदरी
Formfeminine, vocative, singular
किम्what
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
नामindeed/at all (emphatic particle)
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
युक्तम्proper, fitting
युक्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
Formpast passive participle (used adjectivally), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
वचनम्speech, word
वचनम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
मखेशेabout the lord of sacrifices (in the matter of the sacrifice-lord)
मखेशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमखेश
Formmasculine, locative, singular

दक्ष उवाच

B
Bhagavān (Śaṅkara/Śiva)
P
Patnī (his wife; the goddess, traditionally Umā/Pārvatī)
M
Makheśa (Lord of sacrifice; epithet applied to Śiva here)

Educational Q&A

The verse emphasizes that speech about sacred matters must be appropriate (yukta) and grounded in correct understanding. Misjudging divine authority and speaking rashly leads to ethical and ritual disorder; restraint and discernment are part of dharma.

Śaṅkara listens to his wife’s agitated words and responds with calm, even delighted composure, asserting his identity as the Lord of sacrifices and questioning her fitness of speech about him—framing the conflict as one of recognition and propriety.