Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 8

परिव्राजक-आचारः (Conduct of the Wandering Renunciant) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 269

आसन गृहस्था भूयिष्ठा अव्युत्क्रान्ता: स्वकर्मसु । राजानश्न तथा युक्ता ब्राह्मणाश्न यथाविधि

āsan gṛhasthā bhūyiṣṭhā avyutkrāntāḥ svakarmasu | rājānaś ca tathā yuktā brāhmaṇāś ca yathāvidhi ||

കപിലൻ പറഞ്ഞു—പൂർവകാലത്ത് അനേകർ, പ്രത്യേകിച്ച് ഗൃഹസ്ഥർ, തങ്ങളുടെ നിശ്ചിത കർത്തവ്യങ്ങളിൽ നിന്ന് വഴുതിപ്പോയില്ല. രാജാക്കന്മാർ ഉത്തരവാദിത്തങ്ങളിൽ ശാസനബദ്ധരായി, ബ്രാഹ്മണരും അതുപോലെ, യഥാവിധി തങ്ങൾക്ക് വിധിക്കപ്പെട്ട കർമങ്ങൾ നിഷ്കാമഭാവത്തോടെ അനുഷ്ഠിച്ചു.

आसन्were
आसन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect), 3, plural, परस्मैपद
गृहस्थाःhouseholders
गृहस्थाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगृहस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
भूयिष्ठाःvery many / most numerous
भूयिष्ठाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभूयिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, plural, superlative
अव्युत्क्रान्ताःnot deviated / not having departed
अव्युत्क्रान्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्युत्क्रान्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from व्युत्-क्रम् with नञ्)
Formmasculine, nominative, plural, क्त (past passive participle), अ- (नञ्), व्युत्-
स्वकर्मसुin their own duties
स्वकर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, locative, plural
राजानःkings
राजानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तथाlikewise / in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
युक्ताःengaged / devoted
युक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from युज्)
Formmasculine, nominative, plural, क्त (past passive participle)
ब्राह्मणाःbrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यथाविधिaccording to rule / duly
यथाविधि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा + विधि (प्रातिपदिक)

कपिल उवाच

K
Kapila
K
Kings (rājānaḥ)
B
Brahmins (brāhmaṇāḥ)
H
Householders (gṛhasthāḥ)

Educational Q&A

Kapila emphasizes that spiritual and ethical excellence does not require abandoning the householder life; rather, one should remain steady in one’s own prescribed duties and perform them properly (yathāvidhi) with disciplined, selfless intent (niṣkāma-bhāva).

Kapila is citing the precedent of earlier times: many householders—including kings and Brahmins—fulfilled their respective roles without deviating from duty, illustrating that dharma can be upheld through faithful performance of one’s social and ritual responsibilities.