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Shloka 40

परिव्राजक-आचारः (Conduct of the Wandering Renunciant) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 269

पन्थानो ब्रह्मणस्त्वेते एतै: प्राप्नोति यत्परम्‌ तद्‌ विद्वाननुबुद्धयेत मनसा कर्मनिश्चयम्‌

panthāno brahmaṇas tv ete etaiḥ prāpnoti yat param | tad vidvān anubuddhyeta manasā karma-niścayam ||

കപിലൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഇവയാണ് ബ്രഹ്മപ്രാപ്തിയിലേക്കുള്ള പഥങ്ങൾ; ഇവയാൽ മനുഷ്യൻ പരമപദം പ്രാപിക്കുന്നു. അതുകൊണ്ട് ജ്ഞാനി മനസ്സാൽ കർമ്മത്തിന്റെ യഥാർത്ഥ നിർണ്ണയവും അതിന്റെ ഫലപരിണാമവും വ്യക്തമായി വിവേചിക്കണം. സർവ്വജീവികളോടും കരുണ, ക്ഷമ, ശാന്തി, അഹിംസ, സത്യം, ലാളിത്യം/സരളത, അദ്രോഹം, നിരഭിമാനം, ലജ്ജ, തിതിക്ഷ, ശമം—ഇവയാണ് പരബ്രഹ്മ-പരമാത്മപ്രാപ്തിയുടെ മാർഗങ്ങൾ.

पन्थानःpaths, ways
पन्थानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपन्थन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्रह्मणःof Brahman
ब्रह्मणः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
तुindeed, but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एतैःby these
एतैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
प्राप्नोतिattains, reaches
प्राप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्which (that)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परम्supreme (goal)
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विद्वान्a wise man
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनुबुद्धयेतshould understand, should realize
अनुबुद्धयेत:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + बुध्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
मनसाby the mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कर्मaction, deed
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निश्चयम्determination, ascertainment
निश्चयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

कपिल उवाच

K
Kapila
B
Brahman (Para-brahman)

Educational Q&A

Ethical virtues are presented as concrete ‘paths’ to realizing Brahman; the wise should mentally discern the true nature and outcome of actions, aligning conduct with compassion, non-violence, truth, humility, forbearance, and self-restraint.

In the Shanti Parva’s instructional setting, Kapila is speaking as a teacher of liberation, summarizing the means to attain the Supreme and urging reflective discernment (manasā) about action (karma) and its decisive import (niścaya).