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Shloka 50

कपिलगोसंवादे गृहस्थ-त्यागधर्मयोः प्रमाण्यविचारः

Kapila–Cow Dialogue: Authority of Householder and Renunciant Dharmas

विप्रवर! जब आप तपस्यासे सिद्ध हो गये, तब पक्षियोंने शीघ्र ही आपके सिरपर अण्डे दिये और उनसे बच्चे पैदा हुए, आपने उन सबकी भलीभाँति रक्षा की ।।

vipravara! yadā tvaṁ tapasyā siddho 'bhūḥ, tadā pakṣiṇaḥ kṣipram eva tava śirasi aṇḍāni nyadadhuḥ, tataḥ śāvā ajāyanta; tān sarvān tvaṁ yathāvat parirakṣitavān. jāta-pakṣā yadā te ca gatāś cārīm itaś tataḥ, manyamānas tato dharmaṁ caṭaka-prabhavaṁ dvija.

വിപ്രവരാ! തപസ്സിലൂടെ സിദ്ധി ലഭിച്ചപ്പോൾ പക്ഷികൾ വേഗത്തിൽ നിന്റെ തലമേൽ മുട്ടകൾ വെച്ചു; അവയിൽ നിന്ന് കുഞ്ഞുങ്ങൾ പിറന്നു. നീ അവയെല്ലാം യഥാവിധി സംരക്ഷിച്ചു. അവർക്കു ചിറകുകൾ വളർന്ന് ആഹാരം തേടി ഇങ്ങും അങ്ങും പറക്കാൻ തുടങ്ങിയപ്പോൾ, ആ ചടകക്കുഞ്ഞുങ്ങളെ പോറ്റിയതിൽ നിന്നുണ്ടായ പുണ്യത്തെ നീ അത്യന്തം മഹത്തായ ധർമ്മമായി കരുതാൻ തുടങ്ങി.

जातपक्षाःhaving grown wings (winged)
जातपक्षाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजातपक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गताःgone
गताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आरीम्foraging/feeding (as an activity)
आरीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआरी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इतस्from here / here
इतस्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतस्
ततःthen / from there
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
मन्यमानःthinking/considering
मन्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
धर्मम्duty / dharma
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चटकप्रभवम्arising from (rearing) sparrows/birds
चटकप्रभवम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचटक-प्रभव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्विजO twice-born (brahmin)
द्विज:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

तुलाधार उवाच

T
Tulādhāra
A
a Brahmin ascetic (vipravara/dvija)
B
birds (sparrows/caṭakāḥ implied)
E
eggs (aṇḍāni)
C
chicks (śāvāḥ)

Educational Q&A

Tulādhāra highlights that dharma is not only austerity or spiritual attainment; it is also expressed through concrete responsibility and compassionate care. The merit gained from protecting vulnerable beings (here, fledglings) is real, yet one should not become self-congratulatory or inflate that merit into pride.

Tulādhāra addresses a Brahmin ascetic who, after succeeding in austerities, had birds lay eggs on his head. He protected the chicks until they grew wings and began to forage on their own. The ascetic then started to regard this act of nurturing as a very great dharma, setting the stage for Tulādhāra’s ethical instruction about the nature of true righteousness.