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Shloka 12

महाभूत–इन्द्रिय–मनस्–बुद्धि–अन्तरात्मा विवेकः | Discrimination of Elements, Senses, Mind, Intellect, and Inner Self

दन्तोलूखलिका: केचिदश्मकुट्टास्तथा परे | शुक्लपक्षे पिबन्त्येके यवागूं क्वथितां सकृत्‌

dantolūkhalikāḥ kecid aśmakuṭṭās tathā pare | śuklapakṣe pibanty eke yavāgūṃ kvathitāṃ sakṛt ||

ചിലർ പല്ലുകളെയേ ഉലൂഖലമാക്കി (ചവച്ചുകൊണ്ട്) ജീവിക്കുന്നു; മറ്റുചിലർ കല്ലുകൊണ്ട് ഇടിച്ചാണ് കഴിക്കുന്നത്. ശുക്ലപക്ഷത്തിൽ ചിലർ വേവിച്ച യവാഗൂ (യവത്തിന്റെ നേർത്ത കഞ്ഞി) ദിവസം ഒരിക്കൽ മാത്രം കുടിക്കുന്നു.

दन्तोलूखलिकाःtooth-mortar-like (people/ascetics)
दन्तोलूखलिकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदन्तोलूखलिका
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
केचित्some
केचित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootक-चिद् (प्रातिपदिक: क)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्मकुट्टाःstone-pounders (those who pound with stones)
अश्मकुट्टाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्मकुट्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
परेothers
परे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शुक्लपक्षेin the bright fortnight
शुक्लपक्षे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशुक्लपक्ष
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पिबन्तिdrink
पिबन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पिबति)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
एकेsome/one group
एके:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यवागूम्barley-gruel
यवागूम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयवागू
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
क्वथिताम्boiled/cooked
क्वथिताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्वथित (क्वथ् धातु)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सकृत्once (only)
सकृत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसकृत्

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
Ś
śuklapakṣa (bright fortnight)
Y
yavāgū (boiled gruel)
A
aśman (stone)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the diversity and rigor of ascetic disciplines, emphasizing restraint of the senses and appetite as a means to cultivate self-mastery and ethical steadiness (tapas as a support to dharma).

Vyāsa is describing different kinds of ascetics and their practices—some adopting extreme methods of preparing food and others limiting themselves to a single drink of boiled gruel during the bright fortnight—illustrating graded forms of austerity.