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Shloka 5

अर्जुनस्य युधिष्ठिरं प्रति क्षात्रधर्मोपदेशः | Arjuna’s Counsel to Yudhiṣṭhira on Kṣatra-Dharma

क्षात्रधर्मो महारौद्र: शस्त्रनित्य इति स्मृतः । वधश्च भरतश्रेष्ठ काले शस्त्रेण संयुगे

kṣātradharmo mahāraudraḥ śastranitya iti smṛtaḥ | vadhaś ca bharataśreṣṭha kāle śastreṇa saṃyuge ||

വൈശമ്പായനൻ പറഞ്ഞു— ഹേ ഭാരതശ്രേഷ്ഠാ, ക്ഷാത്രധർമ്മം അത്യന്തം രൗദ്രമാണ്; അത് നിത്യവും ആയുധങ്ങളോടു ബന്ധിതമാണെന്ന് സ്മൃതിയിൽ പറയുന്നു. കാലം വന്നാൽ യുദ്ധസംഘർഷത്തിൽ ആയുധങ്ങളാൽ തന്നെയാണ് വധവും സംഭവിക്കുന്നത്; അതിനാൽ ആയുധധർമ്മം അനുസരിച്ച് ജീവിക്കുന്നവർക്ക് ശോകത്തിന് യുക്തമായ ആധാരം ഇല്ല.

क्षात्रधर्मःthe kshatriya-duty
क्षात्रधर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षात्रधर्म (क्षात्र + धर्म)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महारौद्रःvery fierce/terrible
महारौद्रः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहारौद्र (महा + रौद्र)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शस्त्रनित्यःalways involving weapons
शस्त्रनित्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशस्त्रनित्य (शस्त्र + नित्य)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
स्मृतःis remembered/considered
स्मृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive, क्त (past passive participle)
वधःkilling/slaughter
वधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas
भरतश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरतश्रेष्ठ (भरत + श्रेष्ठ)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कालेat the (proper) time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
शस्त्रेणby/with a weapon
शस्त्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
संयुगेin battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bharataśreṣṭha (addressed person, ‘best of the Bharatas’)
K
kṣatriya (warrior class)
Ś
śastra (weapons)
S
saṃyuga (battle)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames kṣatriya-dharma as inherently tied to armed conflict: a warrior’s life involves weapons, and death by weapons in battle is a foreseeable, time-bound outcome. Hence, excessive grief over such deaths is presented as misplaced when viewed through the lens of that duty.

Vaiśampāyana addresses a Bharata prince/descendant, explaining the harsh nature of the warrior code. He emphasizes that battle and weapon-death are integral to the kṣatriya’s ordained role, offering a rationale meant to steady the listener’s mind against lamentation.