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Shloka 16

दमप्रशंसा — Praise of Self-Restraint

Dama

शब्दरागाच्छोत्रमस्य जायते भावितात्मन: । रूपरागात्‌ तथा चक्षुप्राणं गन्धचिकीर्षया,शब्दके प्रति राग होनेसे उस भावितात्मा पुरुषकी श्रवणेन्द्रिय प्रकट होती है। रूपके प्रति राग होनेसे नेत्र और गन्ध ग्रहण करनेकी इच्छा होनेसे नासिकाका प्राकट्य होता है

śabdarāgāc chotram asya jāyate bhāvitātmanaḥ | rūparāgāt tathā cakṣuḥ prāṇaṃ gandha-cikīrṣayā ||

ശബ്ദത്തോടുള്ള രാഗം മൂലം, സംസ്കാരങ്ങളാൽ രൂപപ്പെട്ട അന്തഃകരണമുള്ള അവനിൽ ശ്രവണേന്ദ്രിയം ഉദ്ഭവിക്കുന്നു. രൂപത്തോടുള്ള രാഗം മൂലം ചക്ഷു, ഗന്ധം ഗ്രഹിക്കണമെന്ന ആഗ്രഹം മൂലം ഘ്രാണേന്ദ്രിയം പ്രകടമാകുന്നു।

शब्दरागात्from attachment to sound
शब्दरागात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द-राग
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
श्रोत्रम्the ear (organ of hearing)
श्रोत्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रोत्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अस्यof him/its
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
जायतेarises/is produced
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (जायते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
भावितात्मनःof the self-disciplined/meditative-souled (person)
भावितात्मनः:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootभावित-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
रूपरागात्from attachment to form
रूपरागात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरूप-राग
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तथाlikewise/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
चक्षुःthe eye (organ of sight)
चक्षुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्राणम्the breath/life-wind
प्राणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गन्धचिकीर्षयाby the desire to smell (to apprehend odor)
गन्धचिकीर्षया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगन्ध-चिकीर्षा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the senses are not merely physical givens; they manifest and operate in line with the mind’s attachments—craving for sound, form, and fragrance conditions the arising and strengthening of hearing, sight, and smell. Ethically, it points to desire (rāga) as a root that shapes perception and bondage.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction, Bhishma is explaining to the listener a causal account of how sensory faculties arise in embodied beings, linking each sense to a corresponding attachment or desire, as part of a broader teaching on mind, conduct, and liberation-oriented understanding.