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Shloka 32

जनक-राज्ञः मौण्ड्य-परिव्रज्या-विवादः

Janaka’s Renunciation Questioned; Discourse on Dāna and Detachment

परिव्रजन्ति दानार्थ मुण्डा: काषायवासस: । सिता बहुविधै: पाशै: संचिन्वन्तो वृथामिषम्‌,“बहुत-से मनुष्य दान लेने (पेट पालने)-के लिये मूड़ मुड़ाकर गेरुए वस्त्र पहन लेते हैं और घरसे निकल जाते हैं। वे नाना प्रकारके बन्धनोंमें बँधे होनेके कारण व्यर्थ भोगोंकी ही खोज करते रहते हैं-

parivrajanti dānārtha muṇḍāḥ kāṣāyavāsasaḥ | sitā bahuvidhaiḥ pāśaiḥ sañcinvanto vṛthāmiṣam ||

ഭിക്ഷയ്ക്കായി—ഉദരപൂരണത്തിനായി—പലരും തല മുണ്ഡനം ചെയ്ത് കാഷായവസ്ത്രം ധരിച്ചു പരിവ്രാജകരായി സഞ്ചരിക്കുന്നു. എന്നാൽ നാനാവിധ പാശങ്ങളിൽ ബന്ധിതരായി അവർ വ്യർത്ഥഭോഗങ്ങളേ തേടിക്കൊണ്ടിരിക്കുന്നു; അതെയാണു സന്ന്യാസമെന്നു തെറ്റിദ്ധരിച്ച്.

परिव्रजन्तिthey wander about
परिव्रजन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि+व्रज्
FormLat (present indicative), 3, plural, Parasmaipada
दानार्थम्for the sake of alms/giving
दानार्थम्:
Prayojana (purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootदान+अर्थ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
मुण्डाःshaven-headed (men)
मुण्डाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुण्ड
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
काषायवाससःwearing ochre garments
काषायवाससः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकाषाय+वासस्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
सिताःbound/fastened
सिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसित
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
बहुविधैःby many kinds of
बहुविधैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुविध
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural
पाशैःby bonds/nooses
पाशैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाश
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
संचिन्वन्तःseeking/collecting
संचिन्वन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+चि
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, plural
वृथाin vain, uselessly
वृथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
अमिषम्bait; object of enjoyment
अमिषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमिष
Formneuter, accusative, singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
S
shaven-headed mendicants (muṇḍāḥ)
O
ochre robes (kāṣāya-vāsas)

Educational Q&A

External marks of renunciation—shaved head and ochre robes—do not by themselves constitute true vairāgya. If one remains bound by inner attachments and continues to chase sense-pleasures, the life of a mendicant becomes a mere livelihood and a form of ethical self-deception.

Arjuna comments on people who adopt the appearance of ascetics to obtain alms. Though they outwardly ‘go forth,’ they are still ensnared by many bonds and keep seeking worldly enjoyments, showing the contrast between genuine renunciation and performative asceticism.