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Shloka 8

अबुद्धिपूर्वकपापविमोचनप्रश्नः — Janamejaya’s Unintended Transgression and the Indrota Rebuke

यो हि वच्िद्‌ द्विज॑ हन्याद्‌ गांच लोकस्य मातरम्‌

yo hi kaścid dvija hanyād gāṁ lokasya mātaram

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഏതെങ്കിലും ദ്വിജൻ ലോകമാതാവായ പശുവിനെ വധിച്ചാൽ അവൻ മഹാപാതകം ചെയ്യുന്നു; കാരണം പശു ധർമ്മത്തിൽ സർവ്വഭൂതഹിതകാരിണിയായി സ്ഥാപിതയും, നിരപരാധികളുടെ സംരക്ഷണകർത്തവ്യത്തിന്റെ പ്രതീകവുമാണ്।

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
कश्चित्someone/anyone
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + चित् (अव्यय)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विजम्a twice-born (brahmin etc.)
द्विजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हन्यात्should kill/might kill
हन्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गाम्a cow
गाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
लोकस्यof the world/people
लोकस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मातरम्mother
मातरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
dvija
C
cow (go/gā)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical gravity of harming a cow, portraying her as “mother of the world,” and thus frames cow-protection as a significant duty within dharma, especially for the dvija who is expected to embody restraint and righteousness.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma is instructing Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and conduct; here he emphasizes the serious moral fault incurred by killing a cow, using the epithet “mother of the world” to heighten the injunction.