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Shloka 3

Ālasyadoṣa-nirdeśa (On the Fault of Negligence) — The Camel’s Long-Neck Exemplum

न चैवं वर्तितव्यं सम यथेदमनुशुश्रुम । उष्टस्य तु महद्‌ वृत्तं तन्निबोध युधिष्ठिर,युधिष्ठिर! हमने एक ऊँटका जो महान वृत्तान्त सुन रखा है, उसे तुम सुनो। राजाको वैसा बर्ताव नहीं करना चाहिये

na caivaṁ vartitavyaṁ sama yathedam anuśuśruma | uṣṭasya tu mahad vṛttaṁ tan nibodha yudhiṣṭhira ||

ഭീഷ്മർ പറഞ്ഞു—“യുധിഷ്ഠിരാ! പരമ്പരയായി ഞങ്ങൾ കേട്ടതുപോലെ അങ്ങനെ പെരുമാറരുത്. എന്നാൽ ഒട്ടകത്തെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള മഹത്തായ ഒരു വൃത്താന്തം കേൾക്കുക—അതിലൂടെ രാജാവ് എങ്ങനെ പെരുമാറരുതെന്ന് വ്യക്തമാകും.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवंthus, in this way
एवं:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
वर्तितव्यम्should be conducted/behaved
वर्तितव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
Formgerundive (tavya), neuter, nominative, singular, obligation/necessity (impersonal passive sense)
समम्equally, evenly
समम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
Formneuter, accusative, singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अनुशुश्रुमwe have heard
अनुशुश्रुम:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formperfect, 1st, plural, parasmaipada
उष्टस्यof a camel
उष्टस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootउष्ट
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वृत्तम्conduct; account; story
वृत्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
Formneuter, accusative, singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
निबोधunderstand; listen (take note)
निबोध:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
Formimperative, 2nd, singular, parasmaipada
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
C
camel (uṣṭra)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma cautions that a ruler (and by extension any person in authority) must not behave in a certain improper way; to clarify the ethical point, he introduces a traditional illustrative tale (dṛṣṭānta) about a camel, implying that the story will exemplify conduct a king should avoid.

In the ongoing instruction on rājadharma in Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma addresses Yudhiṣṭhira and transitions into an exemplum: he says he has heard a significant account about a camel and asks Yudhiṣṭhira to listen, setting up the forthcoming story as a moral warning.