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Shloka 4

Durgātitaraṇa—Conduct for Crossing Difficulties (दुर्गातितरणम्)

प्रत्याहुनोच्यमाना ये न हिंसन्ति च हिंसिता: । प्रयच्छन्ति न याचन्ते दुर्गाण्यतितरन्ति ते,जो दूसरोंके कटु वचन सुनाने या निन्‍्दा करनेपर भी स्वयं उन्हें उत्तर नहीं देते, मार खाकर भी किसीको मारते नहीं तथा स्वयं देते हैं, परंतु दूसरोंसे माँगते नहीं; वे भी दुर्गम संकटसे पार हो जाते हैं

pratyāhūnocyamānā ye na hiṃsanti ca hiṃsitāḥ | prayacchanti na yācante durgāṇy atitaranti te ||

കഠിനവാക്കുകളും നിന്ദയും കേട്ടാലും മറുപടി കൊടുക്കാതെ, ഉപദ്രവിക്കപ്പെട്ടാലും തിരിച്ചുപദ്രവിക്കാതെ, യാചിക്കാതെ നൽകുന്നവർ—അവർ ദുര്‍ഗമമായ പ്രതിസന്ധികളും കടന്നുപോകുന്നു.

प्रत्याहुday after day / repeatedly
प्रत्याहु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति + अहन्
अनूच्यमानाःbeing spoken to / being addressed (repeatedly)
अनूच्यमानाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनु + वच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive, शानच् (present passive participle)
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हिंसन्तिthey harm / injure
हिंसन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहिंस्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हिंसिताःthough harmed / having been harmed
हिंसिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहिंस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
प्रयच्छन्तिthey give / bestow
प्रयच्छन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + यम्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
याचन्तेthey beg / ask
याचन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootयाच्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Atmanepada
दुर्गाणिdifficult places; hardships; crises
दुर्गाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्ग
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अतितरन्तिthey cross over / surmount
अतितरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअति + तॄ
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

The verse praises three linked virtues—non-retaliation to verbal provocation, non-violence even after being harmed, and generosity without dependence on begging—teaching that such disciplined conduct enables one to overcome even severe dangers.

In the Shanti Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma after the war; here he highlights the moral strength of patience, restraint, and giving, presenting them as practical means to pass through difficult times.