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Shloka 4

शकुनि (हिरण्मय-पक्षी) उपदेशः — Vighasāśin and the Difficulty of Gārhasthya

तानाबभाषे भगवान्‌ पक्षी भूत्वा हिरण्मय: । सुदुष्करं मनुष्यैश्व यत्‌ कृतं विघसाशिभि:,भगवान्‌ इन्द्र सुवर्णमय पक्षीका रूप धारण करके वहाँ आये और उनसे इस प्रकार कहने लगे--“यज्ञशिष्ट अन्न भोजन करनेवाले श्रेष्ठ पुरुषोंने जो कर्म किया है, वह दूसरोंसे होना अत्यन्त कठिन है। उनका यह कर्म बड़ा पवित्र और जीवन बहुत उत्तम है। वे धर्मपरायण पुरुष सफलमनोरथ हो श्रेष्ठ गतिको प्राप्त हुए हैं!

tān ābabhāṣe bhagavān pakṣī bhūtvā hiraṇmayaḥ | suduṣkaraṃ manuṣyaiś ca yat kṛtaṃ vighasāśibhiḥ ||

അപ്പോൾ ഭഗവാൻ ഇന്ദ്രൻ സ്വർണമയ പക്ഷിരൂപം ധരിച്ചു അവരോട് പറഞ്ഞു—“യജ്ഞശിഷ്ട അന്നം ആശ്രയിച്ച് ജീവിക്കുന്ന മഹന്മാർ ചെയ്ത ആചാരം സാധാരണ മനുഷ്യർക്കു അത്യന്തം ദുഷ്കരം. ആ കർമ്മം പുണ്യമയമാണ്; അവരുടെ ജീവിതം പ്രശംസനീയം.”

तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आबभाषेspoke (addressed)
आबभाषे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभाष्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भगवान्the Blessed Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पक्षीa bird
पक्षी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपक्षिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Parasmaipada (usage)
हिरण्मयःgolden
हिरण्मयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहिरण्मय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुदुष्करम्very difficult (thing)
सुदुष्करम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदुष्कर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मनुष्यैःby humans
मनुष्यैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यत्which (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
कृतम्done, accomplished
कृतम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
विघसाशिभिःby those who eat the remnants (of sacrifice)
विघसाशिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविघसाशिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

अजुन उवाच

B
bhagavān (a divine figure)
I
Indra (as per the accompanying Hindi gloss)
P
pakṣī (golden bird form)
V
vighasāśin (those who eat sacrificial remnants)

Educational Q&A

The verse praises disciplined, dharma-centered living: those who sustain themselves on what remains after sacrificial offering (vighasa) embody restraint and purity, and such conduct—hard for most people—leads to fulfilled aims and an elevated spiritual destiny.

A divine being appears in the striking guise of a radiant golden bird and addresses a group, commending the exceptional difficulty and sanctity of the practice followed by those who eat only sacrificial remnants, and affirming their successful attainment of a higher state.