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Shloka 10

उपायधर्म-सेनायोगः

Upāya-dharma and Senāyoga: Expedient Ethics & Army Deployment

अभिनीतानि शस्त्राणि योधाश्व कृतनिश्चया: । चैत्र्यां वा मार्गशीर्ष्या वा सेनायोग: प्रशस्यते,यदि शस्त्र तैयार हों और योद्धा भी शत्रुओंसे भिड़नेका दृढ़ निश्चय कर चुके हों, तो चैत्र या मार्गशीर्ष मासकी पूर्णिमाको सेनाका युद्धके लिये उद्यत होकर प्रस्थान करना उत्तम माना गया है

abhinītāni śastrāṇi yodhāś ca kṛtaniścayāḥ | caitryāṃ vā mārgaśīrṣyāṃ vā senāyogaḥ praśasyate ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ആയുധങ്ങൾ യഥാവിധി സജ്ജമായിരിക്കയും, യോദ്ധാക്കൾ ശത്രുവിനെ നേരിടാൻ ദൃഢനിശ്ചയം കൈക്കൊണ്ടിരിക്കയും ചെയ്താൽ, ചൈത്രമാസമോ മാർഗശീർഷമാസമോ ആയ പൗർണ്ണമിദിനത്തിൽ സേന യുദ്ധയാത്രയ്ക്ക് പുറപ്പെടുന്നത് ശുഭവും പ്രശംസനീയവും ആകുന്നു.

अभिनीतानिbrought forth/produced (made ready)
अभिनीतानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-नी (क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
शस्त्राणिweapons
शस्त्राणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
योधाःwarriors
योधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कृतनिश्चयाःhaving made a firm resolve
कृतनिश्चयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत-निश्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चैत्र्याम्in (the full-moon day) of Chaitra
चैत्र्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootचैत्री
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
मार्गशीर्ष्याम्in (the full-moon day) of Mārgaśīrṣa
मार्गशीर्ष्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमार्गशीर्षी
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
सेनायोगःthe setting-out/engagement of the army
सेनायोगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसेना-योग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रशस्यतेis praised/commended
प्रशस्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-शंस्
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
W
weapons (śastra)
W
warriors (yodha)
A
army (senā)
C
Caitra (month)
M
Mārgaśīrṣa (month)
F
full-moon day (implied by caitryām/mārgaśīrṣyām usage)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma links ethical statecraft with practical readiness: war should not be undertaken impulsively; only when arms are prepared and soldiers are resolute, and even then one should observe traditionally auspicious timing for mobilization.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on governance and conduct, Bhīṣma gives Yudhiṣṭhira pragmatic counsel about military organization, recommending specific full-moon times (Caitra or Mārgaśīrṣa) for an army’s departure once preparations and resolve are complete.