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Shloka 38

ऋषिसमागमः — युधिष्ठिरस्य शोकवर्णनम्

Sage Assembly and Yudhiṣṭhira’s Articulation of Grief

पूर्वजं भ्रातरं कर्ण पृथाया वचनात्‌ प्रभो | तेन मे दूयते तीव्र हृदयं भ्रातृघातिन:,द्विजश्रेष्ठ। तदनन्तर युद्धस्थलमें महाधनुर्धर शूरवीर कर्ण अर्जुनके हाथसे मारे गये। प्रभो! मुझे तो माता कुन्तीके ही कहनेसे बहुत पीछे यह बात मालूम हुई है कि “कर्ण हमारे ज्येष्ठ एवं सहोदर भाई थे।'” मैंने भाई की हत्या करायी है; इसलिये मेरे हृदयको तीव्र वेदना हो रही है

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | pūrvajaṃ bhrātaraṃ karṇa pṛthāyā vacanāt prabho | tena me dūyate tīvraṃ hṛdayaṃ bhrātṛghātinaḥ, dvijaśreṣṭha ||

യുധിഷ്ഠിരൻ പറഞ്ഞു— “ഓ പ്രഭോ, ഓ ദ്വിജശ്രേഷ്ഠ! പൃഥാ (കുന്തി)യുടെ വാക്കുകളിൽ നിന്നുമാത്രമാണ് കർണ്ണൻ എന്റെ ജ്യേഷ്ഠ സഹോദരനെന്ന് ഞാൻ അറിഞ്ഞത്. അതുകൊണ്ട് എന്റെ ഹൃദയം തീക്ഷ്ണവേദനയിൽ കത്തുന്നു— ഞാൻ എന്റെ സഹോദരന്റെ ഘാതകനായി മാറിയിരിക്കുന്നു.”

पूर्वजम्elder-born, elder
पूर्वजम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भ्रातरम्brother
भ्रातरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कर्णO Karna
कर्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पृथायाःof Pritha (Kunti)
पृथायाः:
TypeNoun
Rootपृथा
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
वचनात्from (her) statement/words
वचनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तेनby that/therefore
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
मेof me / my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
दूयतेburns, is pained
दूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootदूय्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, 3rd, Singular
तीव्रम्intensely, severe
तीव्रम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतीव्र
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
हृदयम्heart
हृदयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहृदय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भ्रातृघातिनःof (me) the brother-slayer
भ्रातृघातिनः:
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृघातिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
द्विजश्रेष्ठO best of the twice-born
द्विजश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Karṇa
P
Pṛthā (Kuntī)
A
Arjuna
B
battlefield (yuddhasthala)
D
dvijaśreṣṭha (addressed Brahmin sage)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds the ethical shock that arises when hidden kinship is revealed after irreversible action. Yudhiṣṭhira’s anguish shows how dharma is not only about outward duty in war but also about inner accountability, remorse, and the tragic consequences of ignorance and secrecy.

After the war, Yudhiṣṭhira learns from Kuntī that Karṇa—killed in battle by Arjuna—was actually their eldest brother. He laments that he has effectively caused the death of his own brother and confesses intense inner pain to the Brahmin sage he is addressing.