Shloka 33
Duryodhana’s Post-Duel Lament and Instructions (भग्नसक्थस्य विलापः)
Devanagari script
तत:ः प्रायान्महाराज माधवो भगवान् रथी
Transliteration
tataḥ prāyān mahārāja mādhavo bhagavān rathī
Translation
അപ്പോൾ, മഹാരാജാവേ, ഭഗവാൻ രഥിയായ മാധവൻ പുറപ്പെട്ടു.
Word by Word
ततःthen; thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततस्
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/then')
प्रायात्departed; set out
प्रायात्:
TypeVerb
Rootया (प्र-या)
FormAorist (luṅ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, vocative singular
माधवःMādhava (Krishna)
माधवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमाधव
FormMasculine, nominative singular
भगवान्the blessed/lordly one
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, nominative singular
रथीthe charioteer; chariot-warrior
रथी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, nominative singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśampāyanaM
Mahārāja (Janamejaya, implied addressee)M
Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa)R
ratha (chariot, implied by rathī)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even in the turmoil of war, rightful action requires decisive movement guided by duty and clear purpose; the epithet “bhagavān” underscores that moral authority and leadership can coexist with strategic action.
Vaiśampāyana tells the king that Kṛṣṇa (Mādhava), described as the revered Lord and a chariot-warrior, sets out—marking a transition to the next event in the Shalya Parva battle narrative.