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Shloka 20

Śalya’s Consecration as Senāpati and Kṛṣṇa’s Counsel to Yudhiṣṭhira (शल्यस्य सेनापत्यभिषेकः)

भागिनेयान्‌ निजांस्त्यक्त्वा कृतज्ञोडस्मानुपागत: । महासेनो महाबाहुर्महासेन इवापर:

bhāgineyān nijāṁs tyaktvā kṛtajño ’smān upāgataḥ | mahāseno mahābāhur mahāsena ivāparaḥ ||

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു— “കൃതജ്ഞതകൊണ്ട് അദ്ദേഹം തന്റെ സഹോദരിയുടെ പുത്രന്മാരെയ്ക്കൂടി ഉപേക്ഷിച്ച് നമ്മുടെ പക്ഷത്തേക്ക് വന്നിരിക്കുന്നു. മഹാബാഹുവായ ശല്യൻ മഹാസേനാധിപൻ; ശക്തിയിൽ മറ്റൊരു മഹാസേനൻ (കാർത്തികേയൻ) പോലെയാണവൻ.”

भागिनेयान्sister's sons, nephews
भागिनेयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभागिनेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निजान्one's own
निजान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
कृतज्ञःgrateful
कृतज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormCommon, Accusative, Plural
उपागतःhaving come, arrived (to)
उपागतः:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-गम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
महासेनःMahāsena (name/title; also 'having a great army')
महासेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहासेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाबाहुःmighty-armed
महाबाहुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महासेनःMahāsena (Kārttikeya/Skanda)
महासेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहासेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अपरःanother, a second
अपरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śalya
B
Bhāgineyāḥ (Śalya’s sister’s sons)
M
Mahāsena (Kārttikeya/Skanda)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds kṛtajñatā (gratitude/remembering a benefit) as a powerful ethical motive that can override even close kinship ties; it also shows how warriors are praised through divine comparison to strengthen morale and legitimacy.

Sañjaya describes Śalya’s alignment with the Kauravas: despite having close family connections on the opposing side (his sister’s sons), Śalya comes to ‘our’ camp out of gratitude, and is portrayed as a formidable commander, likened to Mahāsena (Kārttikeya).