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Shloka 20

अध्याय ४ — दुर्योधनस्य असंधि-निश्चयः

Duryodhana’s Refusal of Reconciliation

श्वेताक्ष॒ वेगसम्पन्ना: शशिकाशसमप्रभा: । पिबन्त इव चाकाशं रथे युक्तास्तु वाजिन:,“उनके रथमें जुते हुए घोड़े श्वेत वर्णवाले, वेगशशाली तथा चन्द्रमा और कासके समान उज्ज्वल कान्तिसे सुशोभित हैं। वे ऐसी तीव्र गतिसे चलते हैं, मानो आकाशको पी जायूँगे

śvetākṣa vegasampannāḥ śaśikāśasamaprabhāḥ | pibanta iva cākāśaṃ rathe yuktās tu vājinaḥ ||

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—രഥത്തിൽ കെട്ടിയ കുതിരകൾ വെളുത്ത കണ്ണുകളുള്ളവയും മഹാവേഗസമ്പന്നങ്ങളുമായിരുന്നുവു; ചന്ദ്രനും കാശപ്പൂവും പോലെയുള്ള പ്രകാശം അവർക്കുണ്ടായിരുന്നു. അവർ അതിവേഗം പാഞ്ഞു—ആകാശം തന്നെ കുടിച്ചുകളയുംപോലെ തോന്നി.

श्वेताक्षाःwhite-eyed / having white eyes
श्वेताक्षाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्वेताक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वेगसम्पन्नाःendowed with speed
वेगसम्पन्नाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवेगसम्पन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शशिकाशसमप्रभाःhaving a radiance equal to the moon and kāśa (white grass/flower)
शशिकाशसमप्रभाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशशिकाशसमप्रभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पिबन्तःdrinking (as if)
पिबन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पिबति)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Present (Vartamana), Shatr (present active participle)
इवas if / like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आकाशम्the sky
आकाशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रथेin/on the chariot
रथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
युक्ताःyoked / harnessed
युक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Kta (past passive participle)
तुbut / indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वाजिनःhorses / steeds
वाजिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाजिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
C
chariot (ratha)
H
horses/steeds (vājinaḥ)
S
sky (ākāśa)
M
moon (śaśi)
K
kāśa blossoms/grass (kāśa)

Educational Q&A

The verse is primarily descriptive rather than didactic: it underscores how overwhelming martial force and momentum can appear in war. Ethically, it functions as a reminder that the battlefield dazzles with power and spectacle, yet such brilliance is instrumental—serving the larger, morally fraught conflict rather than constituting virtue by itself.

Sañjaya, narrating events to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, describes the chariot’s horses: white-eyed, extremely swift, and shining like the moon and kāśa blossoms. Their speed is hyperbolically portrayed as if they could 'drink the sky,' intensifying the sense of rapid advance and battlefield grandeur.