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Shloka 3

Bhīma–Duryodhana Gadāyuddha Saṃkalpa

Resolve for the Mace Duel

यस्यातपत्रच्छायापि स्वका भानोस्तथा प्रभा । खेदायैवाभिमानित्वात्‌ सहेत्‌ सैवं कथं गिर:

yasyātapatracchāyāpi svakā bhānostathā prabhā | khedāyaivābhimānitvāt sahet saivaṁ kathaṁ giraḥ ||

യുധിഷ്ഠിരൻ പറഞ്ഞു— ആരുടെ സ്വന്തം ചത്രഛായ പോലും സൂര്യപ്രഭപോലെ ദീപ്തമാണോ, എന്നാൽ അഹങ്കാരവശാൽ ആ ദീപ്തിയെ തന്നെ ഖേദകാരണമെന്നു കരുതുന്നവൻ— ഇത്തരത്തിലുള്ള വാക്കുകൾ എങ്ങനെ സഹിക്കും?

यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
आतपत्रच्छायाthe shade of an umbrella
आतपत्रच्छाया:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआतपत्र-छाया
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
स्वकाone's own
स्वका:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वक
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भानोःof the sun
भानोः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootभानु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तथाso/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
प्रभाsplendour, radiance
प्रभा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
खेदायfor distress/annoyance
खेदाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootखेद
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अभिमानित्वात्because of pride
अभिमानित्वात्:
Hetu
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमानित्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
सहेत्should endure/tolerate
सहेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसह्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
he
:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
गिरःwords, speech
गिरः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगिर्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
S
Sun (Bhānu)
R
Royal parasol (ātapatra)

Educational Q&A

Outer splendour and status (symbolized by the royal parasol and sunlike radiance) do not guarantee inner strength; pride (abhimāna) makes a person fragile, turning even greatness into a source of suffering and making harsh words harder to bear.

Yudhiṣṭhira reflects on a highly exalted person—one marked by royal brilliance—yet whose pride causes distress; he questions how such a proud figure could tolerate cutting or challenging speech in the tense context of the war narrative.