Shloka 24
अध्याय ३: कृपस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः
Kṛpa’s Counsel to Duryodhana
Devanagari script
न तान् रथस्थो भूमिष्ठान् धमपिक्षी वृकोदर:
Transliteration
na tān rathastho bhūmiṣṭhān dhamapikṣī vṛkodaraḥ
Translation
സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—രഥസ്ഥനായ വൃകോദരൻ നിലത്തു കിടന്നിരുന്നവരെ ലക്ഷ്യമാക്കി ശംഖനാദം ചെയ്തില്ല; യുദ്ധത്തിന്റെ ഉന്മാദത്തിനിടയിലും അവൻ സംയമം കാത്തു, വീണവരെയോ നിർവശരെയോ കണ്ടു ഹർഷിച്ചില്ല।
Word by Word
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
तान्those (men)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रथस्थःstanding on the chariot / chariot-mounted
रथस्थः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरथस्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूमिष्ठान्standing on the ground
भूमिष्ठान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभूमिष्ठ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अधमःbase, vile
अधमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअधम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिक्षीalso, even
अपिक्षी:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वृकोदरःVṛkodara (Bhīma)
वृकोदरः:
Karta
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootवृकोदर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaV
Vṛkodara (Bhīma)R
ratha (chariot)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even in war, a warrior’s conduct is measured by restraint: one should not display triumph or aggression toward those who are already down or disadvantaged, aligning valor with dharma.
Sañjaya reports Bhīma (Vṛkodara) on his chariot, noting that he did not blow his conch toward opponents who were on the ground—suggesting a moment of controlled behavior amid ongoing combat.