Shloka 21

अध्याय ३: कृपस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛpa’s Counsel to Duryodhana

Devanagari script

तान्‌ भीमसेन: संक्रुद्धों धृष्टद्युम्नश्व॒ पार्षत:

Transliteration

tān bhīmasenaḥ saṅkruddho dhṛṣṭadyumnaś ca pārṣataḥ

Translation

അപ്പോൾ ക്രുദ്ധനായ ഭീമസേനനും പാർഷതപുത്രൻ ധൃഷ്ടദ്യുമ്നനും അവരുടെമേൽ പാഞ്ഞുകയറി.

Word by Word

• तान्: them
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• भीमसेनः: Bhimasena
• भीमसेनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• संक्रुद्धः: enraged
• संक्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संक्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धृष्टद्युम्नः: Dhrishtadyumna
• धृष्टद्युम्नः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्टद्युम्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पार्षतः: the son of Prishata (Dhrishtadyumna)
• पार्षतः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्षत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• Pārṣata (as an epithet/lineage reference)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how, in war, powerful emotions like anger surge even among dharma-bound warriors; it implicitly contrasts the necessity of kṣatriya action with the ethical danger of being driven primarily by wrath rather than disciplined duty.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Bhīma, furious, and Dhṛṣṭadyumna (identified by the epithet Pārṣata) move against the opposing side—signaling an escalation in the combat and the active engagement of key Pāṇḍava leaders.